Geography
Area: 29,800 sq. km. (11,500 sq. mi.); slightly larger than
Maryland.
Cities: Capital--Yerevan.
Terrain: High plateau with mountains, little forest land.
Climate: Highland continental, hot summers, cold winters.
People
Nationality: Noun--Armenian(s). Adjective--Armenian.
Population (official est.): 3,213,011 de jure ( 3,002,594 de facto).
These figures represent the final results of the October 2001
census, as announced in January 2003.
Ethnic groups: Armenian 98%; Yezidi 1.2%; Russian, Greek, and other
0.8%.
Religion: Armenian Apostolic Church (more than 90% nominally
affiliated).
Languages: Armenian (96%), Russian, other.
Education: Literacy--99%.
Health: Infant mortality rate--20/1,000. Life expectancy--66.6
years.
Work force (1.24 million -- 10.5% unemployed): Industry and
construction--24.5%; agriculture and forestry--24.6%;
trade--17.3%; education--13.4%; other--22.2%.
Government
Type: Republic.
Constitution: Approved in November 2005 referendum.
Independence: 1918 (First Armenian Republic); 1991 (from Soviet
Union).
Branches: Executive--president (head of state) with wider
powers relative to other branches, prime minister (head of cabinet),
Council of Ministers (cabinet). Legislative--unicameral
National Assembly (parliament). Judicial--Constitutional
Court.
Administrative subdivisions: 10 marzes (provinces) in addition to
the city of Yerevan, which has the status of a province.
Political parties represented in the National Assembly: Republican
Party of Armenia, Armenian Revolutionary Federation (ARF)
Dashnaktsutyun, Country of Law (Orinats Yerkir), People's Party of
Armenia, National Accord Party, Republic Party, and United Labor
Party. Other significant parties include: National Democratic Union,
Constitutional Rights Union, Social Democratic Hnchakian Party,
Armenian National Movement, Liberal Democratic Ramkavar Party, Self
Determination Union, Communist Party, and the Christian Democratic
Party. In addition, there are dozens of other registered parties,
many of which become active only during national campaigns.
Suffrage: Universal at 18.
Economy (2005)
GDP: $4.867 billion.
GDP growth rate: 13.9%.
Per capita GDP: $1,514.
Inflation: 0.06%.
Natural resources: Copper, zinc, gold, and lead; hydroelectric
power; small amounts of gas and petroleum.
Agriculture: Products--fruits and vegetables, wines, dairy,
some livestock.
Industry: Types--chemicals, electronic products, machinery,
processed food, synthetic rubber, and textiles.
Trade: Exports--$950.4 million: diamonds, scrap metal,
machinery and equipment, brandy, copper ore. Export partners
(2004)--Belgium 18%, Israel 15.3%, Russia 12.5%, U.S. 8.1%,
Netherlands 7.2%, Iran 5.5%, Georgia 4.3%. Imports
(2004)--$1.767.9 billion: natural gas, petroleum, tobacco products,
foodstuffs, and diamonds. Import partners--Russia 11.3%,
Belgium 10.1%, Israel 8.4%, Iran 7.1%, U.S. 7.6%.
.