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Portugal

Geography
Area: 92,391 sq. km., including the Azores and Madeira Islands; slightly smaller than the State of Indiana.
Cities: Lisbon (capital, metropolitan area pop. 1.9 million), Oporto (metro. area 1.7 million), Faro.
Terrain: Mountainous in the north; rolling plains in the central south.
Climate: Maritime temperate, average annual temperature is 16°C (61°F).

People
Nationality: Noun and adjective--Portuguese (singular and plural).
Population (2003): 10.4 million.
Population density: 113 per sq. km. (275 per sq. mi.).
Annual growth rate (2003): -1.3%.
Ethnic groups: Homogeneous Mediterranean stock with small black African and Eastern European minorities.
Religion: Roman Catholic, 97%.
Language: Portuguese.
Education: Years compulsory--9. Literacy (2003)--93%.
Health (2003 est.): Birth rate--11.45/1,000. Death rate--10.21/1,000. Infant mortality rate--5/1,000. Life expectancy--76 years.
Work force (5.1 million): Government and services--60%; industry--30%; agriculture--10%.

Government
Type: Republic.
Constitution: Effective April 25, 1976; revised October 30, 1982, June 1, 1989, November 5, 1992, and September 3, 1997.
Branches: Executive--president (head of state), Council of State (presidential advisory body), prime minister (head of government), Council of Ministers. Legislative--unicameral Assembly of the Republic (230 deputies). Judicial--Supreme Court, district courts, appeals courts, Constitutional Tribunal.
Administrative subdivisions: 18 districts, 2 autonomous regions.
Major political parties: Social Democratic Party (PSD), Socialist Party (PS), Popular Party (CDS/PP), Portuguese Communist Party (PCP), Left Bloc (BE).

Economy
GDP (2003): $147.23 billion.
Annual growth rate: -1.3%.
Per capita GDP (2003): $14,090.
Avg. inflation rate (2003): 3.3%.
Natural resources: Fish, tungsten, iron, copper, tin, and uranium ores. Agriculture: Products--forestry, fisheries, cork, wine.
Industry: Types--textiles, clothing, footwear, wood and cork, paper, chemicals, manufacturing, food and beverages.
Services: Commerce, government, housing, banking and finance.
Trade (2003): Exports--$32.2 billion; clothing, footwear, machinery, cork and paper products, petroleum, textiles. Imports--$46.3 billion: machinery, petroleum, textiles, agricultural products, chemicals. Export partners--EU-15 (81.4%), United States (5.8%), Lusophone Africa (3.2%). Import partners--EU-15 (76.6%), other European countries (6.3%), Africa (4.8%) United States (1.9%), Japan (1.7%).
U.S. trade (2003): Exports--$902 million: textiles; valves, tubes, transistors, semiconductors; cork; petroleum oils; footwear; alcoholic beverages; pottery; office machine parts; men's apparel; non-electric machinery parts. Imports--$1.856 billion: valves, tubes, transistors, semiconductors; aircraft and associated equipment; oil seeds and oleaginous fruits; animal feed; vehicle and tractor parts; telecommunications equipment and parts; engines; automatic data processing machines; coal; fish.

Adapted from material published in the CIA World Factbook.
 
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