From the northern deserts to the southern Andean cordillera and from Iguazú Falls to the magnificent desolation of Patagonia, Argentina’s natural wonders draw travelers from all over the world. Any mention of Argentina brings forth visions of gauchos herding cattle in the pampas and preparing tasty asados of local beef. As well as natural beauty, there is the capital Buenos Aires, a fabulous metropolis renowned for its sophistication. Although images of the tango spring to mind when thinking about Buenos Aires, the city has emulated European cultural trends in art, music and architecture. In fact, the overwhelming feature of Argentina’s largely immigrant population is the degree to which the cultural traits of Europe have remained intact during their transposition to the country. Because of this, Argentina is a country in which Americans feel at ease.

The Host Country

Area, Geography, and Climate Last Updated: 11/17/2003 3:05 PM

Argentina is South America’s second largest country, after Brazil, in land area and population. It occupies most of the continent’s southern region between the Andes Mountains and the Atlantic Ocean. Argentina stretches from 22°S to 55°S latitude — a distance of about 2,300 miles — and is shaped roughly like an inverted triangle that tapers southward from a base about 1,000 miles wide. It borders on five South American countries: Chile to the west, Bolivia and Paraguay to the north, and Brazil and Uruguay to the northeast.

Argentina’s area of 1,072,067 square miles is about one-third that of the U.S. In climate, size, and topography, Argentina can be compared with the portion of the U.S. between the Mississippi River and the Rocky Mountains, although the North American region has colder winters. The humid lowlands of eastern Argentina, especially along the rivers of the Rio de la Plata system, resemble the Mississippi Valley. In northern Argentina, the savannas and swamps of the Chaco region find a parallel in coastal Louisiana. Westward, the humid pampa (plain) gives way to rangeland and finally to desert that is broken only by irrigated oases, just as the Great Plains of the U.S. become drier toward the west. The Andes present a far more imposing barrier than the Rockies, but both mountain systems mark the western end of the plains.

The variety of vegetation in Argentina is striking. The vast Pampa region fanning out 500 miles from Buenos Aires stands in sharp contrast to such areas of limited agricultural potential. The most extensive level grassland in South America, the Pampa region covers roughly one-quarter of the nation, and its abundance can be credited for turning Argentina into a rising star country at the beginning of the 20th century. Containing some of the richest topsoil in the world, the Pampa is extensively cultivated in wheat and corn and provides year-round pasturage for most of Argentina’s 50 million head of cattle. Average annual rainfall ranges from 20 inches in the west to 40 inches in the east.

The Andean region extends from the dry north to the heavily glaciated and ice covered mountains of Patagonia. Its trajectory includes the dry mountains and desert west of Cordoba and south of Tucuman and embraces the irrigated valleys on the eastern slopes and foothills of the Andes. Annual precipitation ranges from 4 to 24 inches in the arid regions and 20 to 120 inches in the heaviest rainfall areas.

Patagonia is a region of arid, windswept plateaus, covering about 300,000 square miles. Except for some irrigated valleys, this is poor, scattered pastureland. Far south, the weather is continuously cold and stormy; the region has no summer, and winters can be severe.

The alluvial plain of the Chaco in the north has a subtropical climate with dry winters and humid summers. Rainfall decreases from 60 to 20 inches, and temperatures reach 120°F.

The Argentine Mesopotamia, which consists of the provinces between the Uruguay and Parana Rivers, is made up of floodplains and gently rolling grassy hills The greatest precipitation falls in the extreme north of Misiones Province, where it amounts to about 80 inches yearly.

The post city, Buenos Aires, located on the southern bank of the Rio de la Plata, borders on the vast Pampa. The terrain within the city varies from low flatland only inches above the high tide line to slightly rolling countryside with a maximum elevation of 129 feet. The city’s climate is similar to that of Washington, D.C., except that winters are less severe and it never snows. Average rainfall in Buenos Aires is 39 inches (Washington’s is 41.4 inches), distributed evenly throughout the year. Humidity is high year round (the yearly mean is 76%). High humidity makes winters seem colder and summers hotter. Abrupt temperature changes are experienced throughout the year, bringing relief from summer’s heat and winter’s cold.

Population Last Updated: 11/14/2003 3:14 PM

Argentina’s population is about 38.7 million, of which 97% are Caucasian, (mostly of European origin), with Italian and Spanish strains predominating. The population also includes many Germans and Central Europeans and about 500,000 people of Arab descent, most of them Lebanese Christians. Practically no indigenous people or mestizos reside in Buenos Aires; however, some 700,000 are concentrated in the northern and western border provinces.

Most of the land is habitable, yet Argentina has been under-populated since colonization. For more than 200 years starting in the 15th century, the children of Indian mothers and Spanish fathers populated the Pampas. These gauchos, or cowboys, were the typical country dweller who herded cattle, was an expert in breaking horses, and was said to be quick with his knife. Gauchos were the rank and file of the revolutionary army that won independence from Spain in the early 19th century.

During the 19th century, the population grew rapidly due to heavy European immigration and high birth rates. From then on the Spanish element lost its numerical dominance. Blacks, brought as slaves in the 16th century, practically disappeared as a visible group, indigenous peoples were reduced to a few thousand living on reservations, and the mestizo population decreased. Most of the present population traces its roots to waves of European immigration concentrated from1880 to 1930, with an additional spurt after World War II. The proportion of foreign born reached a peak of 30% in 1944. The overwhelming feature of Argentina’s largely immigrant population is the degree to which the cultural traits of Europe have remained intact during their transposition to the so-called New World.

Since 1910, the Argentine nation has been more urban than rural. Constituting the majority of the urban populace, more than a third of Argentines (about 13 million people) live in Greater Buenos Aires. Despite suffering the cultural pains of development in the early 20th century, industry developed and business flourished. Urban society was much like that of European countries, with a growing middle class of business and professional men and women. By the end of World War II, many rural workers migrated to the cities in search of a better life. The pace of this migration has since increased and grown to include immigrants from neighboring countries, such as Paraguay, Bolivia and Peru. At the same time, industry and commerce have grown substantially, requiring more workers.

Public Institutions Last Updated: 11/17/2003 3:07 PM

Argentina is a republic of 23 provinces and a Federal capital district (the city of Buenos Aires). The Argentine Constitution, modeled on the U.S. Constitution, provides for an executive branch with ministries, a bicameral legislature, and a Supreme Court.

Roman Law forms the basis of Argentine jurisprudence. Although provincial and Federal courts, and ultimately Supreme Court judges, traditionally administer justice behind closed doors, public, oral trials for criminal cases are increasingly common.

In 1983, free elections were held after 7 years of military government, and the country returned to constitutional rule. Full liberties were restored following years of a state of siege and the suspension of many civil and political rights originally aimed at combating leftist inspired political violence. National, provincial, and local elections have been held regularly since then. The national Congress and provincial legislatures function normally again, alongside elected governors, mayors, and other municipal authorities.

The Argentine military is under the civilian control of the President, who is Commander-in-Chief, and the Ministry of Defense. While there have been three minor military uprisings since 1983 (the last in 1991), the armed forces as a whole have pledged to respect democratic institutions and civilian government and are no longer perceived as a threat to democracy. A wide variety of civil society institutions have sprung up and begun to provide input to public institutions.

Argentina is a member of the United Nations (UN), the Organization of American States (OAS), the World Health Organization (WHO), the Inter-American Development Bank, the World Trade Organization (WTO), The International Labor Organization, the World Bank, the Red Cross, and many other international organizations.

Arts, Science, and Education Last Updated: 11/17/2003 3:07 PM

Buenos Aires is the cultural capital of Latin America and is one of the world’s largest book publishing centers. It has more than 60 theaters, where internationally known groups and artists perform during the cultural season, which runs from April to October. Along with these international attractions, local performers interpret works ranging from classical to experimental avant-garde in this lively city. The Colon Theater, one of the world’s most beautiful, is the leading opera house in Latin America; it features famous artists, both foreign and Argentine.

The National Library holds more than 1,700,000 volumes. Every day public lecturers present talks in Buenos Aires on diverse cultural and artistic subjects. More than 100 art galleries exhibit the works of important foreign and local artists. Other cities, such as Rosario, Cordoba, and Mendoza, also take great pride in their extensive cultural life.

Argentina has over 75 officially accredited universities, with a total of more than a million students. The largest, the University of Buenos Aires, has 176,472 students.

The country has a high literacy rate, estimated at 97%. The educational system provides free primary and secondary schooling. Primary (or elementary) education is compulsory up to grade 9. Private, foreign, and religious schools are permitted but must conform to a nationally prescribed pattern of teaching in the Spanish language.

Commerce and Industry Last Updated: 11/14/2003 3:19 PM

The Argentine economy suffered four years of deep recession from 1999 to 2002. GDP declined an estimated 10.9 percent in 2002, due to the collapse of convertibility (a flawed exchange regime) in late 2001, which triggered political instability, the freezing of bank accounts, and debt. However, the economy has begun to recover and current projections are that real GDP will grow 7% in 2003. Sustaining this rate of growth will depend on the government’s ability to adopt wound economic policies. The strength and speed of the current recovery is also hampered by continued institutional weakness and a struggling banking system.

Argentina remains open to foreign investment. However, the investment climate has degraded substantially from the 1990s, when the country’s flexible investment regime and liberalized economy spurred significant foreign investment. The economic crisis that began at the end of 2001 undermined the financial base for many existing foreign investments. Continuing legal uncertainties surrounding creditor, contract and property rights in Argentina, and the changing regulatory environment, have diminished the country’s attractiveness for foreign investors, although the recent recovery provides opportunities in the tradeable goods sector.

MERCOSUR, the customs union that includes Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, and Uruguay, remains the cornerstone of Argentina’s international trade policy. Close cooperation between Brazil and Argentina — historic competitors — is the key to the integration process of MERCOSUR, which includes political and military elements in addition to a customs union. Chile and Bolivia have become associate members. MERCOSUR members are active participants in the negotiation of the Free Trade Area of the Americas. MERCOSUR also continues to pursue an active program of trade negotiations with other countries and regional groups including Mexico, Peru, Venezuela and the European Union.

Argentina is traditionally a leading exporter of agricultural products. Exports in 2002 were USD 25.3 billion, a decrease of 3.1 percent from 2001. This decline was primarily due to a 24 percent decline in exports to MERCOSUR, a drop in commodity prices, and a slower pace of grain and oilseed exports at the end of the year. However, the adoptions of a free market exchange rate, and high prices for key agricultural export commodities (particularly soybeans) has resulted in record exports in 2003.

Transportation

Automobiles Last Updated: 11/17/2003 3:10 PM

Importing a Vehicle

Each American employee assigned to Argentina must obtain permission from the Inter-Agency Personal Vehicle Committee prior to shipping or purchasing any vehicle. This can be done through the Management Counselor, by telegram, e-mail or shortly after arrival. Permission must also be obtained prior to sale of a personally owned vehicle. Argentine regulations strictly prohibit the shipment of coupes (sedan, 2-door), convertibles and all type of sport vehicles (Chevrolet Corvettes, Porches, Ferraris, etc.) for future resale in Argentina. Such vehicles may be imported temporarily, repeat temporarily, only, and must be exported when the owner transfers. Vehicles must be for the personal use of the employee or family members and not for resale for profit. Argentine Government and Embassy regulations governing the import or local purchase of personal vehicles, including the maximum initial purchase price, are subject to periodic change. Newly assigned personnel will be informed of the regulations then in force. At present the maximum permitted initial purchase price for imported vehicles, including air-conditioning and other options, is as follows:

1) Ambassador: No limit as to vehicle purchase price.

2) DCM and heads of agencies, including principal representatives of each of the military services (Defense Attachés Office [DAO] and Military Group [MILGP]): The Government of Argentina will allow importation of personally owned vehicles up to a maximum purchase price of $65,000.

3) Counselors of the Embassy and Consulate General with the rank of counselor of Embassy: Up to $55,000.

4) First and second secretaries, consuls of equivalent rank, and assistant military attaches: Up to $45,000.

5) Third secretaries and consuls of equivalent rank: Up to $35,000.

6) Attaches, vice consuls, and administrative and technical employees: Up to $30,000.

In addition to the above, accredited diplomatic personnel (but not administrative or technical personnel) may temporarily import a second automobile into Argentina. You must export a temporarily imported vehicle upon transfer (Chiefs of Mission may import up to two personally owned vehicles and sell them upon completion of their tours). Approval must be obtained from the post Administrative Counselor before importing a second vehicle, and the employee must pay all costs related to the importation of such vehicles.

To start processing a vehicle’s free entry permit, it is important to present the original bill of sale (if in the employee’s possession) or a copy of the original bill. The Embassy registers and licenses personal automobiles and assists in obtaining drivers licenses. Diplomatic personnel, their adult dependents, and staff personnel who hold valid U.S. or foreign permits are not required to take a driving test to obtain an Argentine license. Processing takes about 2 weeks. Therefore, if you anticipate driving a rental or other vehicle on arrival, you should bring your U.S. or international drivers license. You are allowed to drive for 30 days in Argentina on another jurisdiction’s valid license. The Foreign Office issues free license plates for all personally owned automobiles if they are imported or locally purchased under diplomatic franchise.

Normal automobile upkeep expenses are about the same as in the U.S. Gas and oil cost more than in the U.S. There are two grades of gasoline, normal and super. Diesel is available and is somewhat cheaper than regular gasoline. YPF, the largest Argentine supplier of motor fuels, now sells only unleaded gasoline. The Argentine Government requires that all vehicles be covered by third-party-liability insurance against bodily injury and property damage. The policy must be purchased from an Argentine insurance company. Evidence of this insurance must be presented when the Embassy initiates free entry of the vehicle. In addition, you would be wise to have theft or damage insurance. Comprehensive and collision insurance costs about 20% of sale price. Most people prefer U.S. insurance companies.

You may join the Argentine Automobile Club (ACA), which is affiliated with the International Association of Automobile Clubs and the federation of such clubs in Latin American countries. In Buenos Aires, the club has 400,000 members and operates a number of service stations and repair garages (several are located underground and have parking facilities as well). The club also offers roadside emergency service similar to that offered by the AAA. Club headquarters is a 10-story building with facilities that include a first-aid station and a restaurant. ACA also has stations in most cities and towns throughout the country. ACA maintains camping facilities in various parts of the country.

Purchasing a locally manufactured vehicle

Mission personnel who wish to purchase a locally manufactured vehicle tax free (representing a 21% discount from the normal selling price) must obtain permission to do so before signing a firm contract. Such purchases must be made at least 12 months prior to the employee’s anticipated final departure from post (except in cases where the employee’s previous vehicle has been wrecked or has become permanently inoperable during the employee’s tour). Diplomatic personnel may purchase two cars tax free during their tour of duty. Non-diplomatic personnel may purchase only one car tax free during their tour of duty.

Requests for permits should be directed to the General Services Office (GSO), Customs and Shipping Unit. After the Embassy Import-Sale Committee approves the request, the request is then forwarded to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, International Trade and Worship of Argentina, for issuance of the permit. The permit is valid for 90 days from the date of issuance, so the employee must then take prompt action to purchase the vehicle. If a permit is not used within 90 days, it expires and must be returned by GSO to the Ministry.

One last word about locally manufactured cars. If you purchase a local car from a non-diplomatic source, you could be held liable for municipality taxes. Consult with the Management Counselor prior to any automobile purchase.

Selling Your Vehicle

Under Argentine law an imported automobile may not be sold until it has been in Argentina for 24 months following customs clearance. Owners of automobiles sold between the 24th and 36th month must pay a tax representing 60% of the exempted taxes. Between the 36th and 48th month, the tax is 40% of the vehicle’s cost. The customs service will draw up the corresponding certification and determine the fees due. After 48 months a vehicle may be sold free of such tax. If an employee sells a locally manufactured automobile that was purchased tax free, the employee is liable for at least a portion of the automobile sales tax. For diplomatic personnel, if the vehicle is sold within 6 months of the purchase date, the employee is liable for 100% of the tax; if it is sold within 12 months of purchase, the employee must pay 75% of the tax; and if sold within 24 months, 25% of the tax. For diplomatic personnel only, the employee may sell a locally manufactured vehicle tax free when transferring to another post, regardless of when the car was purchased.

For nondiplomatic personnel, if a locally manufactured car is sold within 9 months of purchase, the employee is liable for 100% of the tax; if sold within 18 months, 75% of the tax; 27 months, 50%; and 36 months, 25%. The employee is liable for taxes upon the sale of the vehicle even when transferring to another post.

Notwithstanding the above, no tax is imposed on the sale of an automobile by an owner under transfer orders out of Argentina if (1) 12 months have passed since the date on which the employee was accredited in Argentina, and (2) no less than 9 months have elapsed since the date the vehicle was cleared through customs. On departure, automobiles that cannot be or have not been sold must be shipped out of the country in the owner’s name.

Transportation

Local Transportation Last Updated: 11/17/2003 3:11 PM

Buenos Aires has an extensive transportation system. Five separate privately owned subway lines serve many parts of the city. There is a subway stop convenient to the Embassy.

The most extensive aboveground transportation is by “colectivos” (privately owned buses holding about 40 passengers). Bright colors indicate the line and route traveled. The average fare is about 70 centavos and there are no transfers.

Fares for Buenos Aires metered taxis are quite reasonable. Small tips are appreciated, though not always expected. Taxi meters show units based on distance and time. The “remise,” a kind of taxi-limousine service, is telephone dispatched, but you can hail a remise in front of major hotels. Charges are lower than U.S. cab fares.

If you do not want to drive to and from the suburbs, you can commute by train, although the closest train stop is about a half mile from the Embassy. Three separate lines run from the Retiro station in downtown Buenos Aires: the General Belgrano, General Bartolome Mitre, and General San Martin Railroads. The Mitre line is the one most commonly used by Mission personnel. It serves the suburbs of Vicente Lopez, La Lucila, Olivos, Martinez, Acassuso, San Isidro, etc., all the way north to Tigre. Rush hour trains usually run 10 to 15 minutes apart. To travel from the downtown area to the suburbs takes from 30–45 minutes.

Traffic moves on the right, as in the U.S. Buenos Aires has many wide streets and highways but few modern superhighways. Driving in Buenos Aires has been described as being at least as hectic as driving in Rio, Tokyo, or Mexico City, as your first ride in a taxi or colectivo will reveal.

Transportation

Regional Transportation Last Updated: 11/17/2003 9:44 AM

Travel outside Buenos Aires is possible by train, air, bus, or auto. Since the general points of interest in Argentina are so far apart, a great deal of time is lost if you do not go by air. Some overnight trains with sleeping cars and service (room and food) are available. Two main airports are accessible to the city. One is Aeroparque Jorge Newbery, near the downtown section and the Rio de la Plata. This airport handles propeller aircraft and smaller jets. All domestic flights, and several regional flights to Asuncion, Montevideo, Santiago, Rio de Janeiro, Sao Paulo, and Santa Cruz, use the Aeroparque. The International Airport of Ezeiza is about a 45-minute drive from the city center. It handles all large jets and most international flights.

Communications

Telephones and Telecommunications Last Updated: 11/17/2003 3:11 PM

Telephone service in Argentina is privatized. Generally, homes in Buenos Aires will be serviced by one of two companies — Telecom or Teléfonica (varies by location of residence). Phone service in Buenos Aires is generally very dependable. A telephone is essential. The Embassy will lease only apartments or houses that already have a telephone installed and functioning.

Employees are responsible for paying all phone bills for their residence. For government-leased housing, the telephone remains under the name of the landlord and a landlord will usually request that all of a tenant’s paid telephone bills be turned over upon a tenant’s departure.

The government owns and runs a telegraph and telex system.

Communications

Telephones and Telecommunications

Wireless Service Last Updated: 11/17/2003 9:47 AM There are a number of cellular phone companies operating in Buenos Aires. Monthly rates for cellular phone service are reasonable. Each employee is responsible for his/her personal cell phone(s).

Local cellular phone companies have adopted a policy that requires cellular phones to be purchased by the customer—they generally will not rent cellular phones for extended periods of time. Cellular phones may be purchased locally. If bringing a cellular phone from the U.S., it is the responsibility of the employee to ensure that the cellular phone purchased is compatible with local cellular service and that the proper customs declaration has been made.

Although employees of the Mission may receive customs-exempt shipments, local cellular phone companies cannot provide service to an imported phone without the customs declaration. If a cellular phone is included in HHE, then GSO/Shipping must be informed. If carried with the employee to post, the cellular phone must be declared at the airport.

Communications

Internet Last Updated: 11/17/2003 3:11 PM

There are a wide range of Internet Service Providers (ISPs) in Buenos Aires. Services offered range from basic dial-up to broadband such as cable modem, microwave and ADSL. Broadband services are not available in all areas but basic dial-up service is available throughout Buenos Aires. Note: local calls are charged by the pulse rate. This adds to the cost of dial-up service, sometimes significantly depending on use. Quality varies by vendor and many companies (dial-up and broadband both) over-subscribe their services, leading to reduced browsing speed.

The Mission provides a few common-access computers at the Chancery that have internet access. These computers can be used by incoming and outgoing employees and their families. They are provided as a convenience for those periods just after arrival or just before departure when a home computer would not be available. However, Mission internet computers are not to be used as a permanent alternative to home internet connections.

Communications

Mail and Pouch Last Updated: 7/30/2004 8:34 AM

APO Miami 34034 is used for both personal and official mail. APO will not accept Priority or Space Available Mail (SAM) packages exceeding 70 pounds in weight and 130 inches in length and girth combined. Parcel Air Lift (PAL) mail may not exceed 30 pounds in weight and 130 inches in length and girth combined. Address APO mail and parcels as follows:

APO Address Full Name Unit Number APO AA 34034

Unit numbers are as follows: 4300 General Delivery 4301 AMB 4302 DCM 4303 LEGATT 4304 EAO 4305 POL 4306 ECON 4307 EST 4308 RSO 4309 DEA 4311 ADM 4312 GSO 4314 Health Unit 4317 FMC 4318 IMO 4322 MSG 4323 CONS 4324 APHIS 4325 FAS 4326 FCS 4329 USMILGRP 4330 PAS 4334 IPC-ITC 4336 FAA

Postal regulations prohibit mailing of household goods via the APO in conjunction with a move. While it is acceptable to mail a few boxes of personal effects, we ask that you do not inundate our small APO office with multiple boxes prior to your arrival.

APO mail is dispatched by air 7 days a week from Miami to Buenos Aires. Outgoing APO mail goes out 3 days a week by air from Buenos Aires to Miami. Transit time for priority mail is about 3 to 7 days from the date of postmark. SAM and PAL can take up to 3 or 4 weeks.

Packages to post may be mailed at any post office in the U.S. Postage is at domestic rates from the point of origin to APO Miami, as mail to APO posts is considered domestic mail. All domestic U.S. postal regulations apply. Insurance and certified mail — but not registered mail services — are available through the APO system. Items may be insured for up to $5,000.

Customs declarations are required on packages sent via APO. Articles prohibited by U.S. postal regulations may not be sent by APO or pouch. In addition, liquids, perishables, explosives, firearms, glass and other fragile articles, and cigarettes and other tobacco products are prohibited.

All APO incoming and outgoing mail is dispatched by air. Letters and parcels must bear appropriate U.S. postage at the applicable rate from the sender to the recipient country.

Because APO mail service is available, receipt or shipment of personal mail through the DoS pouch system is not authorized. However, some internet and mail order companies will not ship to APO addresses. In these limited cases, use of the pouch system is authorized to receive mail items that cannot be received via APO.

Unauthorized use of DoS pouch for personal shipments will result in a direct airfreight charge to the employee for each shipment.

Insurance, certification and registration services are not available for non-official items sent to Foreign Service personnel through DoS pouch. Mail for overseas personnel is considered “delivered” by the postal authorities on arrival at the State Department’s Washington mail facility. Therefore, postal registry, certification and insurance liabilities cease at that point. Should registered or insured mail be accepted and delivered to the State Department by the postal service, it will be accepted and forwarded to the addressee as ordinary mail. No liability can be assumed by the Embassy or the State Department in such cases.

Pouch Address: Full Name Section/Agency/Office 3130 Buenos Aires PL Washington, D.C. 20521–3130

Communications

Radio and TV Last Updated: 11/17/2003 9:55 AM

Buenos Aires has a wide range of radio programming on both AM and FM, featuring talk, music, news, and sports (particularly soccer). Radio Mitre, Radio De la Plata, Radio Continental, Radio America, and the government-owned Radio Nacional are the most popular stations in Buenos Aires.

Television viewers in Buenos Aires have the option of 65 channels from one of the two cable TV systems or Direct TV satellite system. Local programming competes with a wide range of foreign programs, especially from the U.S. American channels, such as HBO, Fox, Warner Brothers, Cinemax, Sony, ESPN, CNN, and TNT, are heavily represented on both cable and satellite television. Certain U.S. channels are broadcast with two audio tracks, Spanish and English, which can be accessed using a stereo television, or only in English with Spanish subtitles. Both cable and satellite TV are very reasonably priced, around $USD 20–40, depending on how many premium channels you subscribe to.

The television system is PAL-N. Neither U.S. nor non-Argentine multi-system models operate here, unless you subscribe to Direct TV (satellite). Some families have found it much easier to simply purchase a TV locally. Multi-system VCRs do operate here and need not be converted.

Communications

Newspapers, Magazines, and Technical Journals Last Updated: 11/17/2003 3:13 PM

Buenos Aires is an important Spanish-language publishing capital. There are 10 daily newspapers, varying in importance and size from La Nación and Clarín to small-circulation money losers. The Buenos Aires Herald is the only English-language daily.

A wide variety of magazines are available locally, from picture and news magazines such as Noticias and Gente, to trade, technical, and professional journals. Time, Newsweek, and many other American magazines are available on local newsstands, but some are very costly. Subscriptions to American magazines sent via APO can reduce costs tremendously.

Bookstores are numerous in Buenos Aires, and books in major languages from publishing centers around the world are available here. Stores such as ABC and Rodriguez have large stocks of English language books, but all imported hardbacks and paperbacks are expensive. Many Mission members order books from U.S. clubs and catalogs by APO. CLO maintains a small paperback book library for the use of the community.

Health and Medicine

Medical Facilities Last Updated: 11/17/2003 3:13 PM

The Embassy operates a small Health Unit staffed by a part-time registered nurse and a regional medical officer and a regional psychiatric officer. Services are available for U.S. Mission employees and their eligible dependents.

A small amount of medications are available in the Health Unit for acute illnesses. Individuals who have a chronic illness and require daily or frequent medications should bring an adequate supply. Over-the-counter medications are available in the commissary. Occasionally supplies do run out, so employees are encouraged to bring all their first-aid supplies. Hand-carry all medications (birth control pills, blood pressure medicines, etc.), as you will need them as soon as you arrive, and unaccompanied baggage may well arrive after you.

Buenos Aires has many good hospitals, which in the private sector are called either “clinicas” or “sanatorios.” The ones most frequently used by Mission members are conveniently located in the suburbs and around the Embassy neighborhood. The private Mater Dei clinic and the Sanatorio de la Trinidad offer outpatient non-trauma emergency care. U.S.-trained physicians practice in all specialties. The Health Unit maintains a listing of English-speaking professionals that is presented to personnel upon check-in at post. Individuals contemplating elective surgery should complete it prior to coming to post or during home leave. In the rare event that a medevac is needed, patients are evacuated to the nearest adequate medical facility in Miami.

Health and Medicine

Community Health Last Updated: 11/17/2003 3:14 PM

Mission employees are generally healthy, with minor exceptions. Sanitary conditions in public facilities such as restaurant kitchens are usually good. Health and sanitary controls are enforced, and immunizations for school children are checked by the Health Ministry.

Hepatitis does occur, and all susceptible personnel should be immunized with the newer hepatitis A vaccine. The hepatitis B Garner state has been estimated at 1.1%. Vaccination against hepatitis B is recommended for all long-term employees. Yellow fever is present in the northeastern portion of Argentina, and vaccination may be required when entering another country. Carrying your yellow International Health Certificate with you when traveling is advisable. Malaria does occur below 4,000 feet elevation in the Jujuy and Salta Provinces and has on occasion been found in the Missiones and Corrientes Provinces. Risk is higher in the summer months (December through May).

Water supplies are considered to be potable in Buenos Aires; higher risk of water-borne illness occurs countrywide outside of Buenos Aires.

The humid climate, vegetation, and diesel fuel can aggravate sinus conditions. Colds, sore throats, and mild forms of flu are common.

Traffic is generally heavy, and the risk of accidents is high. Seat belts and child restraint systems should always be used.

The following suggestions will assist you upon arrival at post:

Arrange a visit to the Health Unit for a detailed briefing and a copy of the health manual.

Hand-carry all medications. Arrangements should be made with a U.S. pharmacy prior to departure from the U.S. to have refills sent to post via APO. The Health Unit has a list of Washington, D.C., pharmacies that will accept fax prescriptions.

Keep these immunizations current: diphtheria, tetanus, typhoid, yellow fever, measles, mumps, and rubella.

Hand-carry your yellow International Health Certificate card. You do need special malaria prevention for in-country travel. Immunizations are given in the Health Unit on Tuesday mornings. Flies and mosquitoes are common in summer. Most houses and apartments are not equipped with screens; if you wish to install them at your own expense, materials are available locally.

Employees not covered under the Department of State Medical Program should have supplemental travelers insurance for emergency medical evacuation flights to the U.S.

All employees should maintain their U.S. medical coverage.

Health and Medicine

Preventive Measures Last Updated: 11/17/2003 10:06 AM

Arrange checkups for all adult members of your family upon arrival at post.

Use car seat belts and child restraint systems.

Notify the Health Unit if a hospitalization may be needed.

The number of AIDS cases in Argentina continues to increase; condoms are available in the commissary.

All blood donors in Argentina, including the members of the walking blood bank, are tested for STDs, hepatitis B, Chagas’ disease, and HIV

The Embassy has a walking blood bank. All Mission employees are asked to submit their blood type.

The water supply is not fluoridated. Supplements are available in the Health Unit for children under 13 years of age.

Employment for Spouses and Dependents Last Updated: 11/17/2003 3:15 PM

Eligible Family Members (EFM’s) and non-U.S. citizen family members are eligible to apply for all vacant positions at the Embassy. Some positions, however, are only available to EFMs, including Community Liaison Officer (CLO), Consular Associate, IVA Liaison Officer, Courier Escort, and secretarial positions.

Funding permitting, the Community Liaison Office coordinates the Dependent Summer Hire Program twice a year. Minimum wage is paid. This is usually done during the local winter and summer seasons in order to give the opportunity to work not only to those teenagers attending school in Argentina, but also to those coming from U.S. during their vacation period.

Work permits are required for employment with Argentine or international firms and institutions. A bilateral work agreement enabling family members of American diplomats to seek employment in their host country is in effect. The diplomatic dependents who obtain a job under this agreement are subject to the civil and administrative jurisdiction of the country and are liable for payment of income and social security taxes on any remuneration received as a result of such employment. However, due to very high local unemployment it is difficult to find positions. Additionally, dependents who are not bilingual have a hard time finding work except in the English-teaching profession. Secretarial or teaching positions are sometimes available at the Lincoln (American) School. Further information can be obtained by writing directly to the Superintendent, Asociacion Escuelas Lincoln, Andres Ferreyra 4073, 1636 La Lucila, Provincia de Buenos Aires; telephone 54–11–4794–9400.

All dependents interested in employment at post either by the Embassy or in the community should check with the Family Liaison Office in Washington for the latest information or write to the CLO at post.

American Embassy - Buenos Aires

Post City Last Updated: 11/17/2003 10:10 AM

Buenos Aires is the capital of Argentina and its largest city. Situated on the Rio de la Plata 100 miles from the Atlantic Ocean, it is the country’s major port and the center of virtually all activity. Greater Buenos Aires has about 13,000,000 people; it is the world’s tenth largest metropolitan area.

The general atmosphere of Buenos Aires is cosmopolitan, and its people are quite sophisticated. The change from leisurely 19th-century European living to present-day patterns is striking in the residential areas of Barrio Norte, Palermo, and Belgrano. Here, Paris-inspired mansions with wrought iron grillwork and carved doors pass from private hands to become ambassadorial residences, government agencies, or museums or make way for tall apartment buildings boasting penthouses and swimming pools. In the high-rise apartments and in the comfortable houses of the northern suburbs of Olivos, Martinez, and San Isidro, it is possible to reproduce U.S. patterns of living while enjoying much of the Argentine way of life.

The streets and avenues of Buenos Aires tell the story of the city, from afternoon tea at a sidewalk restaurant on Avenida Callao to late night on Avenida Corrientes, the Broadway of Buenos Aires. There is, for instance, Avenida 9 de Julio, claimed to be the world’s widest avenue, and Calle Florida, an exclusively pedestrian mall where tourists shop year round. Avenida Santa Fe could be called the Fifth Avenue of Buenos Aires, while on Avenida Alvear, the small, elegant shops remind you of Paris and Vienna. The Costanera, the wide riverside boulevard, boasts dozens of open-air cafes.

There is a modern system of transportation with bus, train, and subway complexes contrasted with horse-drawn vehicles, whose drivers offer carriage rides through Palermo Park. Shopping in Buenos Aires runs the gamut from supermarkets and department stores to small businesses, including open and covered marketplaces as well as arcades lined with small boutiques and cafe bars.

Entertainment is plentiful and varied in Buenos Aires. The Colon Theater, one of the world’s great opera houses, each year plays host to ballet troupes, opera stars, and symphony orchestras from Europe and the U.S. With over 60 legitimate theaters in the city, Buenos Aires is popular with traveling theatrical groups as well as outstanding local professional companies. Folkloric music can be heard at various restaurants around the city. In small, out-of-the-way places, couples still dance the tango to the music of small combos, and the colorful waterfront area of La Boca offers noisy nightlife.

The city is very sports minded, too. Golf, tennis, riding, fishing, horseracing, polo, soccer, rugby, and boating are all popular sports. More than a dozen private golf courses and a municipal course in Palermo Park are near the city center. In recent years, bowling has become popular, with automatic alleys in both the city and northern suburbs.

The Post and Its Administration Last Updated: 7/30/2004 10:21 AM

Besides the State Department, the U.S. Mission in Buenos Aires includes the Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS), APHIS, the Foreign Commercial Service (FCS), Army, Navy, and Air Force attaches (DAO), MILGP and its sections; the Department of Justice’s Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA) and the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), Department of the Treasury, and the Transportation Security Administration (TSA). All agencies, with the exception of APHIS and most of the MILGP, are located in the Embassy Chancery located in the Palermo district at Colombia 4300. The central switchboard is staffed from 8 am to 7 pm, Monday through Friday, and from 9 am to 6 pm on U.S. holidays. It is closed on Argentine holidays and can be reached at 5777–4533 or 5777–4534. The Air Force Section is located in Edificio Condor, Pedro Zanni 250, 9th floor, telephone 4317–6512 (direct line). The Naval Section is at Comodoro Py 2055, 4th floor telephone 4317–2326. The Army Section is at the Headquarters of the Argentine Army, Azopardo 250, 13th floor telephone 4346–8689. Official office hours are from 8:45 a.m. to 5:45 p.m., Monday through Friday, with 1 hour for lunch.

The Management Office and the Human Resources Office have a complete file of Management Announcements and Administrative Procedures pertaining to post administration. You are urged to read these important messages as soon after your arrival as possible.

Housing Last Updated: 11/17/2003 10:14 AM

The Ambassador requires all official Americans assigned to Buenos Aires to utilize the services of the Mission Housing Office in occupying suitable and appropriate living quarters at post. This policy is in effect for the good of the Mission and to ensure fair treatment of all concerned, especially concerning negotiations with lessors, security considerations, and, in some cases, assignment of quarters already under lease. Rental ceilings are based on the current rental market as determined by the Inter-Agency Housing Board.

Housing

Temporary Quarters Last Updated: 11/17/2003 10:15 AM

The Embassy has two transient apartments, fully furnished and equipped, available as temporary quarters on a first-come, first-served basis for new arrivals who are not placed immediately into permanently assigned quarters. Government-leased houses and apartments may be used to lodge employees on a temporary basis when such properties are available i.e., between permanently assigned occupants.

Several hotels feature attractive efficiency apartments with fully furnished kitchens, including dishes, cutlery, and pots and pans. Costs vary, but most are cheaper than mid-priced hotels. Most have laundry facilities.

Housing

Permanent Housing Last Updated: 11/17/2003 3:21 PM

Government-owned quarters are provided for the Ambassador, DCM, and Defense attaché. Employees of the Department of State, DEA, FBI, FAA, FCS, and FAS live in government-leased or government-owned quarters.

Buenos Aires is a large city, with housing comparable to that in large European cities such as London. Houses in the suburbs are large and usually have a pool and small garden. Apartments are generally located in modern buildings that include amenities such as a pool and underground parking. Some Argentine bedrooms tend to be small and offer limited storage. This is particularly true in the two- and three- bedroom apartments.

Military officers other than the Defense Attaché, noncommissioned officers, and civilian employees of DAO occupy privately leased quarters. The housing officer can provide you with information regarding your space authorization, the local rental market, negotiations with lessors, and the pros and cons of living in the city or in the suburbs. Rental ceilings for privately leased quarters must be the same as those set by the Housing Board even though at times they may be lower than the individual’s personal housing allowance. All quarters must conform to applicable space authorizations and security considerations. If quarters exceed the space authorizations, the occupant must obtain approval from the Inter-Agency Housing Board.

Housing

Furnishings Last Updated: 11/17/2003 10:18 AM

Complete sets of household furniture and major appliances are provided for State Department occupants of government-owned and -leased quarters, including at least two area rugs (9'x12' or 12'x15'). Department of State employees receive the following major appliances, which operate on 220v, 50 cycles: washing machine, dryer, refrigerator, and two or three air-conditioners depending on family size, availability and electrical capacity. In some cases, the State Department may supply a gas stove or freezer, depending on the availability of equipment, occupant’s need, and space limitations. Post also supplies microwave ovens, three transformers, and vacuum cleaners (depending on stock availability). Dishwashers are also provided if in stock, and if the kitchen is configured for one

Employees of other agencies should clear all questions concerning furnishings in Washington, D.C., before coming to post, as some agencies also provide some furniture and/or some appliances. Where furniture and/or appliances are provided, the authorized weight of household effects (HHE) shipments is usually reduced. Note: Unlike in the U.S., lessors frequently lease residential properties without curtains and light fixtures. When the lessor does not furnish curtains and light fixtures your agency will do so, if funds permit.

Housing

Utilities and Equipment Last Updated: 11/17/2003 10:18 AM

The electrical current in Buenos Aires is 220v, 50 cycles. Appliances brought from the U.S. that are designed to operate on 110v to 120v require a step-down transformer for operation. Even with the use of a transformer, motorized 110v appliances need to be adjusted to 50 cycles in order to work properly. The State Department supplies its employees with up to three transformers per household.

Food Last Updated: 11/17/2003 10:19 AM

Supermarkets in Buenos Aires are well stocked and carry some U.S. brands, although the availability of imported products can be hit or miss. Shopping for food in Buenos Aires is not vastly different than in the U.S. Virtually all supermarkets and even smaller neighborhood shops of any type will deliver to your home at no extra cost.

Items stocked in the Embassy commissary are U.S. products not easily obtainable in Argentina: liquor, shortening, canned soups, cake and pancake mixes, Jell-O, cereals, spices, American snack foods, etc. The commissary is small, and prices are higher than in the U.S. due to shipping costs.

Baby foods and formulas are readily available, but have high sugar content. Therefore, it is recommended that you bring supplies of baby food or order it from the U.S. Baby medicines, ointments, and talcum powder should be brought from the U.S. It is best to bring along all your baby needs.

Clothing Last Updated: 11/17/2003 10:20 AM

Most clothing items are plentiful and fashionable, although for women it is difficult to find larger sizes. When planning and packing, remember that when it is summer in the U.S., it is winter in Argentina.

Clothing

Men Last Updated: 11/17/2003 10:20 AM

Men wear medium-weight woolen suits during the cool months (mid-April to mid-November) and tropical worsted and wash-and-wear suits during the warm months. Many wear vests or sweaters under suit coats for extra warmth in July and August. The same type of wardrobe worn in Washington, D.C., is needed here, except that heavy overcoats are seldom needed.

Good woolen cloth is manufactured in Argentina, and tailors are available. Nice, reasonably priced winter suits can be bought locally, but few wash-and-wear suits are sold. Raincoats with zip-out linings are useful. Good leather coats and jackets are made here at reasonable prices.

Clothing

Women Last Updated: 11/17/2003 10:21 AM

Woolen suits, dresses, pants, blouses, and sweaters are basics for Argentine winter wardrobes. Readymade woolen and knit clothing can be found locally in sophisticated styles. Raincoats and coats are necessary, although winter weather is less severe than in Washington, D.C. Lightweight summer clothing is recommended for the warm, humid months. Local cotton fabrics are available, but drip-dry fabrics are seldom found. Tall and large sizes are virtually nonexistent. Most personnel purchase clothing from U.S. catalogs or while visiting the U.S.

Some opera evenings are very formal, but most performances can be attended in afternoon attire. Shorts can be worn on the streets and on golf courses but are more commonly used for the beach, tennis, and casual outdoor parties.

Argentine shoes are of excellent quality leather, but the lasts are different and sometimes uncomfortable for Americans. Broad feet are more easily fitted than narrow, and large sizes (9 and up) are very difficult to find. Gloves, belts, purses, and other leather items can be purchased locally in a wide variety of styles, colors, and prices. Hats, except for rain, are seldom worn in Buenos Aires. Woolen sweaters of excellent quality are available at reasonable prices. Bring or order pantyhose.

Clothing

Children Last Updated: 11/17/2003 10:22 AM

Beautiful knit clothes for babies are sold locally; however, most children’s and babies’ clothing is of lower quality than in the U.S. Shoes are of fairly good quality, although narrow and small shoes are hard to find. Woolen sweaters and coats are generally of good quality. Snowsuits are often used for infants as winters are damp and cold. Winter pajamas with feet are popular with children, and blanket-type sleeping bags are often used for babies. Warm socks, sweaters, trousers, and coats are standard wear. Larger size clothing for children is very difficult to find. Check the section on Dependent Education for further details on school uniforms.

Supplies and Services

Supplies Last Updated: 11/17/2003 10:23 AM

Common household supplies are available in Buenos Aires, either on the local market or in the commissary, and nearby pharmacies dispense first-aid supplies, pills, and other drugstore needs. Special prescriptions should be brought in quantity. Many well-known cosmetic firms have branches in Argentina, although their products may be slightly different.

Bring dictionaries, encyclopedias, and reading materials for schoolchildren. English language books are expensive in Buenos Aires.

Local elastic, thread (not always mercerized), snaps, zippers, buttons, trims, collars, sequins, hooks, and pins are reasonably priced. Local fabric is of good quality and also reasonably priced. Polyester thread can be hard to find.

Bring a supply of greeting cards in English, wrapping paper, and party supplies because selection can be limited in Buenos Aires. Imported toys are expensive; many families bring small gifts for birthday parties and favors. Sheets, towels and blankets are available, but quality is hit or miss.

For more information on items to bring to post, request CLO Pre-Arrival Welcome Information.

Supplies and Services

Basic Services Last Updated: 11/17/2003 10:24 AM

Tailoring, dressmaking, and mending services for shoes are available. The Embassy offers dry cleaning service at reasonable prices. Beauty shops are plentiful, and the Embassy has a barbershop downstairs. Radio and TV repairs are generally good if parts are available. Quality auto repairs are available, but you may wish to bring spare parts from the U.S. depending on your car make and model.

Supplies and Services

Domestic Help Last Updated: 11/17/2003 3:21 PM

Domestic help is available at reasonable cost. Some families have live-in maids; single employees usually employ part-time maids. In accordance with Argentine law, full-time servants are given: 1) the equivalent of one-half month bonus at the end of June and a second one-half month bonus at the end of December (these bonuses are calculated based on the highest compensation paid during the preceding semester); 2) paid vacations, 3) 1 free day per week; 4) one month paid sick leave per year. Employers should provide food, lodging, and uniforms (optional) for live-in servants. Social security payments are required for part-time and full-time Argentina or third-country-residents domestic employees.

Religious Activities Last Updated: 11/17/2003 10:27 AM

Argentina is predominantly Roman Catholic. However, Spanish-speaking Protestant and Evangelical congregations also abound. Argentina is home to the largest Jewish community in Latin America. Other denominations include Latter-day Saints, Seventh-day Adventist, Russian, Greek Orthodox, and Christian Scientist. English services are conducted at some churches, including Our Lady of Lourdes Catholic Church, the interdenominational United Community Church and the non-denominational International Bible Church, all three of which are located in the suburbs.

Education

Dependent Education Last Updated: 7/30/2004 8:36 AM

Most children of embassy personnel in Argentina attend the Asociación Escuelas Lincoln School, generally known as the Lincoln School. It is a tuition-supported school that also receives periodic grants from the U.S. Government. It is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools.

Lincoln maintains a preschool, a kindergarten, and grades 1 thru 12. It is located in the Buenos Aires suburb of La Lucila (a 25 to 40 minute drive from the Embassy) along the shores overlooking the Rio de la Plata. Current enrollment is 530 students.

About 30% of the student body is American, but Lincoln also includes Argentines and children from about 40 other countries. Campus facilities include: playing fields and an all-weather track alongside the river, a 25-meter swimming pool, and five major buildings containing a gymnasium, a cafeteria, 7 science laboratories, two libraries with upwards of 24,000 volumes and CD-ROM towers, a 300-seat theatre, media centers, three computer labs, three drop-in labs, a well-equipped and staffed health clinic, and 61 classrooms.

School terms run from early August to late December and from early February to mid June, when the summer holiday of about 7 weeks starts. Lincoln’s academic year corresponds as closely as possible to the school year in the U.S. School hours are from 8 am to 3:30 pm. The school has no boarding facilities.

Bus service and hot lunches are available to children attending Lincoln. Bus service, tuition, and certain miscellaneous expenses are borne by the U.S. Government; parents pay for lunches and school supplies.

By Argentine law, all students through grade 8 must study Spanish language and Social Studies. Students admitted without knowledge of Spanish are provided with special Spanish classes until they can integrate into the regular Spanish program. All high school courses are taught in English, except for foreign-language courses.

Lincoln maintains an Elementary Resource Room that is set up to attend to the needs of students with minimal learning difficulties on a part-time, pull-out basis, in grades 1 to 5. Due to the nature of the school and curriculum, it is not possible to provide a special program for every student, as is the norm in most U.S. school districts. It is essential for parents of students with a history of learning problems to contact the school well in advance so that it can be determined if Lincoln is a suitable educational environment and, if so, to obtain the necessary testing data.

There is a school uniform policy in effect for grades 1 through 5. Most of the items—shirts, blue sweaters, etc.—are not regulation and may be bought anywhere.

Girls and Boys. Blouse or shirt: White, long or short-sleeved with buttons and a collar or polo shirt, and school logo. Sweater: Solid navy with long sleeves, V-neck, round neck, or cardigan without trim. (Sweatshirts are not to be used in place of sweaters.) Socks or tights: Solid blue or white. Shoes: Any comfortable, healthy school shoes, including tennis shoes. P.E. uniform: Navy blue sweatsuit; no stripe. Navy blue shorts. Yellow or white T-shirt; no lettering.

Girls Only. Skirt, jumper, or slacks: Navy blue or jeans, or navy blue Bermuda shorts. No bib overalls or leggings allowed.

Boys Only. Slacks or pants: Navy blue or jeans, or navy blue Bermuda shorts. Cutoffs and bib overalls are not allowed.

Pre-Kindergarten and Kindergarten. There is no uniform requirement for pre-kindergarten and kindergarten. The school recommends comfortable shoes and clothes and either a smock or daddy’s old shirt (these are kept in the classroom for painting or other stainable activity). A P.E. uniform is not required.

Although most children attend Lincoln, parents also can choose among a number of local private schools that are also bilingual, both in the suburbs and the city. Some of the schools that Embassy children currently attend are the Buenos Aires International Christian Academy (BAICA), Northlands and Saint Andrew’s Scots School, all of which offer programs from PreK through grade 12. All except BAICA run on a different academic calendar with the school year starting in February. This alternate calendar has proven attractive to several families arriving in the middle of the year. Northlands and Saint Andrew’s also offer strong Spanish programs. Contact the CLO for more information on these schools.

Education

Higher Education Opportunities Last Updated: 11/17/2003 10:36 AM

Higher education opportunities abound in Buenos Aires. The Lincoln University College, located on the campus of Lincoln School, offers a complete four year undergraduate program called the Baccalaureate in Liberal Arts/Licenciatura en Humanidades, which is officially recognized in Argentina by the Ministry of Education. An intermediate diploma (Diploma in Liberal Arts), equivalent to the Associate of Arts in the United States, is granted after completion of the first two years of the program. Courses in the program are given in English, with the inclusion of some courses in Spanish beginning in the third year. Instructors in the program include native English speakers, and all instructors have either a master’s degree or doctorate.

For Spanish speakers, programs at Argentine universities cover the full spectrum of courses. Training programs, seminars and certificate courses are also available to people wishing to learn to teach English as a second language.

Recreation and Social Life

Sports Last Updated: 11/17/2003 3:23 PM

Recreational opportunities abound in Argentina. There are excellent private golf clubs and one public course, the Municipal Course in Palermo Park. Good tennis clubs and facilities for yachting, fishing, rowing, swimming, horseback riding, bowling, skiing, and hunting are available. There are also tennis courts that can be rented by the hour, with or without lessons. Jogging, biking, and roller blading in the parks are popular exercises. Equipment for most sports can be bought in Buenos Aires, but quality is inferior to that of U.S. equipment and prices are higher. The Club de Amigos offers facilities for soccer, swimming, tennis, tae kwon do, athletics, gym, and yoga. During school vacations (Dec–Feb) there are summer day-camp activities for children. Embassy employees and dependents can get a complimentary membership card. Most clubs specialize in only one or two activities, making the cost of participating in a variety of interests, quite high. Although clubs rarely waive or reduce the membership fee for diplomatic personnel, registration without initiation fees is sometimes available. CLO can provide information on special memberships, spas, and health clubs.

Ocean swimming is available in Uruguay or south of Buenos Aires in Mar del Plata, Pinamar, Miramar, and other beach resorts. The nearest ski areas are in Bariloche and Neuquen in the Argentine Patagonia (2–3 hours by plane or 2 days by train or car) or in Chile.

Hunting licenses are easily obtained. Most hunting is done on private lands and is by invitation or arrangement. However, hunting can also be arranged with guides (CLO has contact information). U.S. hunting equipment is highly prized here. Guns can only be imported with a customs declaration and special permit. Satisfactory shotguns and .22 caliber ammunition are available locally. High-quality ammunition should be brought with you. If you wish to bring firearms, request a copy of the Post Firearms Policy.

Fishing catches include “dorado,” large, gold-colored fish found only in the rivers of Argentina, Uruguay, Paraguay, and Brazil. The country abounds in trout and landlocked salmon, which grow to fantastic sizes. Trout fishing with a fly rod is very popular. Bring a fairly heavy casting rod to do double-duty casting and trolling. Spinning reels are recommended.

The most popular spectator sport is football (soccer), played year round at every level from sandlot to professional at many stadiums in the city. Horseracing tracks are located in Palermo and suburban San Isidro and nearby La Plata. Rugby, car racing, and boxing and wrestling at the Luna Park Stadium are also popular.

Polo was first played in Argentina by a group of Britons on August 30, 1875. They called it the game “of the mad Englishmen,” but it was taken up with enthusiasm by the Argentines. Argentina is known to have the best polo ponies, which are much-sought-after by the rest of the polo playing world. Today’s polo ponies are fast, strong, agile, docile, and intelligent, and often crossbred with racehorses.

In Argentina the horse has always been associated with the country dweller’s work and play. Pato (Argentine for “duck”) is a game played on horseback and forms part of the native tradition. The name of the game derives from the original ball—a live duck tied up in a sack. The object is to throw the ball through a vertical ring defended by the opposing team. The game requires both skill and strength and puts the horses’ speed and endurance to the test. The pato season in Buenos Aires runs from the end of April to November.

Recreation and Social Life

Touring and Outdoor Activities Last Updated: 11/17/2003 10:44 AM

Argentina has numerous beautiful and interesting tourist areas, although they are generally far from Buenos Aires. However, within one or two hours of the city you will find many estancias, the term used for a cattle ranch, which means much more today. The most luxurious estancias are true country mansions. You can choose between an overnight stay including meals, drinks, horses and carriage rides or a day in the country during which you can eat, participate in country activities and see a show. A typical estancia will have horses at your disposal for leisurely rides in the country and some may offer rides in antique carriages. There is no set menu at an estancia and the type of food will vary from the most typically homemade and vegetarian to empanadas, wine and finally the unfailing asado.

Mar del Plata, about 250 miles southeast of Buenos Aires, is the principal seaside resort in Argentina and is 30 minutes by plane or 4 hours by car. An important city and seaport, it has magnificent residences, parks, wide beaches, hotels, restaurants, shops of all kinds, and a huge, luxurious casino. A smaller casino is attached to the famous Hotel Provincial, one of the city’s best. Mar del Plata is one of Argentina’s most popular vacation spots, and the atmosphere is similar to that of Atlantic City. Several smaller seaside resorts near Mar del Plata include Pinamar, more expensive and exclusive, with more private homes than hotels; and Miramar, called the “City of Children,” which attracts many American visitors. Attractive beaches in the Rio de la Plata area are found at Punta del Este near Montevideo, a ferry trip from Buenos Aires or 35 minutes by air.

Also in Uruguay is the town of Colonia, founded in 1680 by the Portuguese. Colonia was designated by UNESCO as part of the World Heritage list. The fortunate preservation of most of the old town — the Barrio Historico — gives Colonia a new appeal as a place to just relax. It can be visited in a long day trip by the fast-boat (Buqueavion) service of Buquebus, or more properly enjoyed by an overnight at one of its nice small hotels.

In northeastern Argentina at the junction of the Argentine, Paraguayan, and Brazilian borders lies the spectacular 237 foot-high Iguazu Falls (Niagara is 167 feet high). It may be reached by a 2-day car ride or by plane. Excellent hotels are available on both the Brazilian and Argentine sides of the falls. There are 14 large falls, most of them of great height and beauty. The river areas below the falls provide excellent fishing.

Bariloche, in the lake district of Nahuel Huapi in the Patagonian Andes and about 950 miles southwest of Buenos Aires, is another popular tourist resort. It is very pleasant in summer and an excellent place to escape from the city heat. Winter skiing can be done over well developed trails. Bariloche may be reached by plane, train, or car. Often called the “Argentine Switzerland,” it boasts beautiful scenery, with snowcapped mountains, noble forests, mirror like lakes, and numerous trout streams.

For the traveler who is looking for something extra, it is possible to visit the Antarctic, though it is a very expensive trip. Other attractions within a few hours by air of Buenos Aires include Ushuaia in Tierra del Fuego, the southernmost city in the world. The city of Mendoza, at the foot of the Andes, is the center of the wine-growing district. Puerto Madryn on the Valdes Peninsula is the jumping off point for whale watching expeditions.

Camping is very popular, and campsites are numerous. Some have water, electricity, bathrooms with hot water, and general stores, while others are open land where you must set up a tent. Many beautiful national parks have campsites next to lakes or high in the mountains. Caution: Do not bring a tall tent. Argentine camping requires mountain tents, even in the flatlands, due to occasional high winds. For those who are interested in camping, it is advisable to purchase equipment in the U.S.

Recreation and Social Life

Entertainment Last Updated: 11/17/2003 10:47 AM

If you have a good knowledge of Spanish, the scope of entertainment in Buenos Aires is unlimited. Local theater is active, with good professional companies and amateur groups. Modern and classic plays by Spanish and Argentine authors, as well as translations of Broadway and European hits, are presented year round. In summer, open-air performances are given in the Teatro Caminito, located in a section of Buenos Aires called La Boca, one of the older parts of the city with tenements gaily painted in corals, greens, and blues. In this period (December to March), several outdoor theaters present classical plays, while operas, concerts, and ballets are held in the San Martin Theater and Palermo Park and on the grounds of the National Library. Many of these summer performances are free.

The Colon Theater, the huge opera house, is typical of Old World magnificence. According to Arturo Toscanini, it has the best acoustics in the world; it was inaugurated on May 25,1908. It covers an area of 7,050 square meters, is 110.5 meters long and 60 meters wide, and is 43 meters tall at its highest point.

The regular opera and symphonic season lasts from April to November, with a full program each year of operas, concerts, soloists, and ballets. As the season in Buenos Aires falls during summer in the Northern Hemisphere, many of the great opera stars from Europe and the U.S. have been able to appear at the Colon. Argentina’s symphony orchestras give many performances throughout the year. Ballets are also presented by local companies.

There are numerous movie theaters. Many films are imported from the U.S. and Europe and represent a good cross section of the world’s cinematography. Most foreign films, including American, are subtitled and are heard in the original language. The notable exception is children’s films, which are normally dubbed into Spanish.

The city has several good museums and many art galleries. There are many guided tours of the city with English speaking guides available. Local newspapers publish schedules of cultural events in the entertainment section.

Small nightclubs, called “boites,” are common in the city, and larger places have open-air dancing in the suburbs along the river. The music, orchestral and recorded, alternates between Latin and North American dance beats. Argentine folk music, while little known outside the country, is becoming increasingly popular with Americans here. “Peñas folkloricas” (public folk music clubs) offer the whole range of native music, from the lively “carnavalitos” of the far northwest to the slower samba and the familiar tango of Buenos Aires.

Recreation and Social Life

Social Activities

Among Americans Last Updated: 11/17/2003 3:24 PM The American Club of Buenos Aires is principally a lunching club, open Monday through Friday. The dining room accommodates members and guests for lunch only. Private dining rooms for parties up to 120 people are available on the eighth floor, and the ninth-floor dining room is used for private functions of up to 500 people for cocktails or 350 for lunch or dinner. All U.S. citizen Embassy personnel are honorary members of the American Club and will receive a membership card upon request. Website: http://www.amclub.com.ar/.

All female citizens of Western Hemisphere nations may join the American Women’s Club. The Club holds a charity benefit each year. A female Ambassador or the wife of a male Ambassador is invited to serve as honorary president. A female consul general or the wife of a male consul general is an honorary member.

The American Society of the River Plate is the social and welfare organization of the American community in Argentina. Citizens of the U.S. and sons and daughters of U.S. citizens may join. The Society has no club rooms but meets in the American Club. It promotes and maintains friendly relations between the U.S. and Argentina, encourages friendly relations between U.S. and Argentine citizens and promotes their respective interests, assumes responsibility for the celebration of days of national remembrance and Thanksgiving, and gives aid to institutions and/or individuals in need of assistance. The Ambassador is invited to serve as honorary president of the American Society. The counselor of Embassy for Consular Affairs is an honorary member and ex-officio member of the board of directors. Website: www.asrp.org.ar.

The American Chamber of Commerce in Argentina represents over 600 U.S. business firms and Argentine companies with American business interests. It publishes trade statistics, a weekly newsletter, a monthly magazine, and an annual business directory. Much of this information is also available on its website at www.amchamar.com.ar. The Chamber holds periodic membership luncheons with guest speakers from government (both Argentine and American) who are prominent in international business. Various committees are active. For example, the Foreign Trade Committee organizes seminars on the technicalities of exporting, and an Education and Community Relations Committee arranges, among other things, a lecture program designed to convince students in Argentine universities of the advantages of the free enterprise system. Also active are the Tax and Legal Committee, Environmental Issues, and Human Resources involved in salary studies, among other things, and other committees. Embassy staff members can attend the Chamber’s membership luncheons and appropriate committee meetings. The Ambassador is invited to serve as honorary president of the Chamber. The DCM and the counselors of Embassy for Commercial Affairs and for Economic Affairs are regularly invited to attend the monthly AmCham Board of Governors luncheon.

Recreation and Social Life

Social Activities

International Contacts Last Updated: 11/17/2003 10:50 AM Americans have many opportunities to meet and work with Argentines and representatives of other nations. The U.S. is represented in international associations of diplomatic officers.

The University Women’s Club meets monthly for luncheons featuring guest speakers. The club offers orientation courses, tours, and study groups. Programs are generally in English. Any woman, regardless of nationality, who has attended an accredited university or college for 2 years is eligible for membership.

The Downtown Newcomers Club and International Suburban Newcomers Clubs offer social gatherings of English speaking people — mostly women, but some men as well. Each group has subgroups for various interests. These groups are a great way to meet people and begin the networking process. Some people attend these groups for their entire stay at post. CLO has an extensive list of other clubs and current telephone numbers.

Official Functions

Nature of Functions Last Updated: 11/17/2003 3:25 PM

Most official entertaining is done in the home with cocktail or dinner parties. Business lunches are also popular.

Argentines generally give sit-down dinners, served late and leisurely. The “asado” (barbecue) is a popular form of entertainment.

Official Functions

Standards of Social Conduct Last Updated: 11/17/2003 10:51 AM

Senior officers have numerous entertainment responsibilities and are expected to entertain Argentines in their homes.

Diplomatic personnel need calling cards, which may be purchased in the U.S. or Argentina. Good quality cards and informal notes can be purchase locally and also from the GPC (Embassy commissary association).

Newcomers, civilian and military, should call on the Ambassador and DCM in their offices soon after arrival. Newcomers will be assisted and advised by their sponsors and staff in making these calls.

Special Information Last Updated: 11/17/2003 3:26 PM

By the terms of Law 12.665, the Argentine National Commission of Museums, Monuments, and Historic Places is empowered to register, control the transfer of, and expropriate private property that it considers to be “of historic/artistic interest.” Objects of this nature may not be removed from Argentina. When ownership of such antiquities is transferred, the former owner is obliged to report the transaction, together with the name and address of the new owner, to the commission within 10 days. Failure to do so automatically raises a presumption of concealment. Anyone guilty of such concealment, or of illegally transferring or exporting such articles, is subject to a fine. The law specifically includes historical documents in the category of national treasures and lists such things as old maps, autographed letters and memoranda, and public documents.

Mission employees contemplating purchasing or transferring artistic or historical objects or documents should keep these provisions of law in mind and ascertain the possible applicability of Law 12.665 to their acquisitions.

Post Orientation Program

The CLO sends an Information Packet and Welcome Letter to all newly assigned personnel. A sponsor program is in effect to assist in orientation to Buenos Aires. Military personnel will be assigned military sponsors as soon as their assignments are made known to the DAO or MILGP.

A post orientation briefing, covering activities of the Mission and living in Argentina, is given about one or two times a year. All American personnel, spouses, and dependents over 16 years of age are urged to attend.

The Regional Security Officer will give a security briefing to each staff member soon after arrival. As incidents of street crime (muggings, burglaries, thefts, etc.) have increased over the last year, dependents (spouses and teenage children) are also offered a security briefing as part of the post orientation program.

El Gaucho, the Embassy’s newsletter, is published weekly. It contains official and unofficial announcements, information on current events, medical tips, and classified ads.

The post-language program employs three Spanish teachers. Small classes at various levels of proficiency are offered daily in the Embassy for employees and adult dependents. There are also classes for dependents that are taught both at the Embassy and in the suburbs, funded by a grant from FSI. This training is free to Department of State dependents. Dependents of other agencies must obtain funding from their respective agencies or may pay privately for lessons.

Notes For Travelers

Getting to the Post Last Updated: 11/17/2003 10:59 AM

American Airlines, United Airlines, and Delta have regular flights between the U.S. and Argentina. The flights take about 8 hours from Miami. For the latest flight information and carrier availability, consult with your Embassy Travel Section or with the American Express office in the Department of State.

American Airlines and United Airlines have regular flights between the U.S. and Argentina. The flights take about 8 hours from Miami and about 10 hours from Washington, D.C. For the latest flight information and carrier availability, consult with your Embassy Travel Section or with the American Express office in the Department of State. You will be met at the airport and taken to your new home or temporary quarters.

The most rapid and direct transport from Ezeiza International Airport is by remise (rental car with driver), which will charge a flat rate from point to point (maximum three passengers per car). Bus service is also available in front of the terminal and will drive to major hotels and/or a bus terminal in central Buenos Aires where taxis are available. Buses are convenient for one passenger. For more than one passenger, the cost of the bus is almost the same as the cost of a remise.

Customs, Duties, and Passage

Customs and Duties Last Updated: 11/17/2003 3:27 PM

Diplomatic personnel may import, duty free, personal effects and HHE in reasonable quantities for their own use at any time during their assignment to Argentina. The Protocol Office of the Foreign Ministry handles free-entry permits, which take at least 3 weeks to process. (Commissioned and noncommissioned personnel of the US. Air Force Section, the Army Section, and the Navy Advisory Section are accorded the same import privileges as diplomatic officers by terms of special agreement.)

Non-diplomatic personnel may import more than one personal HHE shipment (which may not include alcoholic beverages or tobacco) free of customs duties, provided the shipments arrive within 180 days after the owner’s initial arrival in Argentina. Shipments should be arranged far enough in advance to ensure arrival within the 180-day limit.

All shipments may be subject to customs inspection. Personal clothing and small appliances such as radios, cameras, and hair dryers, totaling up to $500, may enter without free-entry permits.

After the original ocean bills of lading and/or airway bills have been received, it will take at least 3 weeks to process the free-entry permits. If both unaccompanied baggage and HHE shipments include electrical appliances, cameras, typewriters, etc., they should be listed on the request for free entry, stating the total value. The Department of State defines baggage as clothing, toiletries, and essential light housekeeping items. Baggage does not include household items such as furniture, TV sets, or major appliances.

Dependents of both diplomatic and non-diplomatic employees who arrive later should forward their shipments to the assigned employees.

Personal property, imported on first arrival or later, should not exceed reasonable anticipated needs and should be for personal use only. The Embassy has no space available for personal storage. Furthermore, Embassy regulations stipulate that an individual cannot bring in liquor, cigarettes, and food items.

Argentine regulations require that requests for free import of unaccompanied baggage, HHE, and automobiles contain all details regarding the shipment, including the consignee, value, weight, quantity, contents, and means and date of arrival.The Foreign Office will not initiate clearance for the importation of HHE, unaccompanied baggage, or automobiles before the owner has arrived. However, information sent before your arrival enables the Embassy to complete preliminary arrangements. Be aware that it will take longer to clear unaccompanied air baggage that contains electronic equipment through customs.

It is not necessary to box or crate your automobile, but removable accessories should be packed together in a separate container. No special restrictions exist on the size of cartons or lift-vans that can be handled at Buenos Aires. After arrival in port, shipments are adequately protected in customs warehouses against weather damage. Pilferage at the Buenos Aires port is infrequent. Local packers are competent.

Customs, Duties, and Passage

Passage Last Updated: 11/17/2003 11:03 AM

An Argentine visa is required for entry into Argentina whenever the purpose of the trip is official. The Argentine Embassy in Washington, D.C., as well as most other Argentine representations all over the world will issue a visa for a period equivalent to the validity of the diplomatic/official passport.

Employees should bring at least 12 color photos (adult dependents, eight), 1½ x 1½. The Foreign Office requires full-face photos, with the size of the face not to exceed 1¼ x 1¼. If you wear glasses, you should bring some photos of yourself without the glasses.

Customs, Duties, and Passage

Pets Last Updated: 11/17/2003 11:04 AM

Be aware of some airlines’ restrictions on transportation of pets, especially during the summer transfer season. For the importation of pets into Argentina, you will need veterinary certificates of good health and rabies vaccination. The signature and license of your veterinarian must be authenticated by a Federal veterinary officer in the country in which you are living. (In Washington, D.C., the nearest Federal veterinary officer is at the U.S. Department of Agriculture Office in Annapolis, Maryland.) In addition, an Argentine consul must validate the certificates. It is best to begin early making arrangements for your pet’s travel.

If such certificates are not presented at the Argentine port of entry and/or if the animal shows symptoms of sickness, it will be quarantined for 40 days at the owner’s expense.

There are boarding facilities for pets in Buenos Aires. You should investigate them carefully in advance for cleanliness and quality of service. Some residential hotels will accept pets. The presence of pets in U.S. Government-owned or -leased quarters is a privilege, not a right, and owners are held responsible for any damage caused by their pets.

Newcomers should contact GSO well in advance if they are shipping a pet to post.

Firearms and Ammunition Last Updated: 11/17/2003 3:27 PM

U.S. Government personnel may bring up to three non-automatic weapons (pistols, rifles, or shotguns) for sporting purposes and 1,000 rounds of ammunition. Firearms over .22 caliber and shotguns more powerful than 16 gauge must be registered with the National Arms Registry (RENAR). Upon receipt of identifying data, GSO will arrange this for you.

Three firearms and ammunition may be shipped to post without a U.S. firearm export license, provided they are consigned to U.S. personnel for their personal use and not for resale. Prior approval of the Chief of Mission is not necessary. However, Argentine Government regulations require a free-entry permit signed by the Chief of Mission for import and registration.

At least 30 days prior to pack out from sending post, the employee should cable the administrative officer requesting permission for the importation of a firearm. The cable must include the following: full name, official status, make and model, caliber, serial number, and reason for request.

Requests for additional weapons must be made through the Regional Security Office to the Chief of Mission before such weapons can be shipped; include identifying data for the firearms and state their intended purpose. When shipping additional firearms and ammunition from the U.S., you must forward copies of your exchange of correspondence with the Chief of Mission, along with a completed form DSP-5 (export application), to the Office of Munitions Control (PM/IVIC), Department of State, Washington, D.C. 20520. The application should include all firearms and ammunition to be shipped to post. The export license issued by PM/MC must be given at time of shipment to the U.S. Dispatch agent, who in turn will surrender it and other shipping documents to U.S. customs.

Between foreign countries, when permission is received from the Chief of Mission to ship firearms and ammunition in excess of those prescribed, no U.S. export license is required from PM/MC. In any case, no Department of State license need to be issued for shipments of only shotguns (with barrels 18 inches and over in length) and shotgun ammunition within the limits set out in the first paragraph. Employees must comply with the Chief of Mission’s determination and with the export regulations of the Office of Export Control, U.S. Department of Commerce. Please contact PM/MC for additional information about export of firearms from the U.S.

Currency, Banking, and Weights and Measures Last Updated: 11/17/2003 11:06 AM

Argentina currency is the peso. The currency is issued in both bills and coins, with the bills in the same denominations as U.S. currency. The value of coins are 1, 5,10, 25, and 50 centavos and 1 peso, although 1 cent coins are rarely used. The floating exchange rate is now approximately 1 peso to $2.75.

Argentina uses the metric system of weights and measures.

Taxes, Exchange, and Sale of Property Last Updated: 11/17/2003 11:09 AM

The Embassy exercises strict control over the import and sale of personal property. After 6 months at post, advance approval must be obtained through the Import-Export Committee to import an item by any means, including pouch, if the value of the item exceeds $400.

Under applicable Argentine law, personal effects of diplomatic and non-diplomatic personnel cannot be sold until the goods have been in the country 24 months or unless appropriate Argentine taxes are paid. Approval must also be obtained from the Personal Property Disposition Committee to sell any item of personal property valued at over $200, or any combination of personal property with a total value of more than $1,000. Such items cannot be replaced by free-entry permits. Sale items should first be offered to other U.S. Government personnel at prices based on U.S. values.

All Mission personnel are required to pay Argentine taxes imposed on automobile insurance policies, telephone and utility bills (for those with private leases), gasoline, and other miscellaneous items. They are not subject to Argentine income tax. Accredited personnel can complete paperwork to obtain a reimbursement of the value-added tax on selected items every 4 months.

Facilities

U.S. Government employees and their dependents may purchase Argentine currency or obtain dollars from a bank located at the Embassy that charges a small commission on dollar transactions. U.S. currency is usually available in limited quantities for official purposes, to the extent that Embassy currency holdings permit. It is also possible to use your ATM cards throughout Buenos Aires.

Bring an adequate supply of personal checks and maintain an American checking account. A U.S. checking account is necessary for commissary deposits, accommodation exchange transactions, and mail order purchases.

Local banking and exchange facilities are extensive, with many foreign commercial banks having local branches. The rate of exchange may be different from that available at the Embassy. Travelers checks are not widely accepted and, when accepted, usually receive a less favorable exchange rate or are assessed a surcharge.

Recommended Reading Last Updated: 11/17/2003 3:32 PM

These titles are provided as a general indication of the material published in this country. The Department of State does not endorse unofficial publications.

Websites http://www.buenosairesherald.com/ This is the web page of the very popular English language newspaper, the Buenos Aires Herald.

http://www.buenosaires.gov.ar/ This is the website for the Secretaria de Cultura de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. It lists upcoming guided walking tours, museum information and other very helpful info. Parts of the site are in English as well as Spanish.

http://www.turismo.gov.ar/ This is the website for the Secretaria de Turismo Deporte. It is written in English and Spanish and has loads of information about the whole country as well as Buenos Aires.

http://www.buenosaires.com/ This site has English option. You can get general information about time differences maps, pictures, questions about Buenos Aires. Guides to Restaurants, bars and pubs, Bingo and casinos, discotheques, art galleries, places to visit, tango houses, hotels, Emergency phones, airports, embassies, schools, hospitals, museums, transportation.

http://www.buenos.com/ Anything you want about Argentina in English. Weather, population, government, economy, transportation, etc. You can find info about travel, restaurants, clubs and bars, entertainment, argentine news, world news.

http://www.argentinasbest.com/ You can find lots of information about Argentina from this site in English. Parks, clubs and countries, all activities, eating and drinking, entertainment, info urban, embassies and consulates, tourism, fishing, skiing, hotels in Buenos Aires, Argentine ranches, food, homes, travel tour and agencies.

http://www.inpatagonia.com/ Most of us want to go there. Land of mysteries and adventure. In this site you can find a lot of information about regions of Argentina especially Patagonia. All in English.

http://www.bariloche.com.ar/ All about Bariloche (Patagonia).

General American University. Area Handbook for Argentina. U.S. Government Printing Office: Washington, D.C., 1969.

King, J. Anthony. Twenty-four Years in the Argentine Republic. AMS Press.

History Andersen, Martin. Dossier Secreto: Argentina’s Desaparecidos and the Myth of the “Dirty War.” Westview Press, 1993.

Cavarozzi, Marcelo. Argentina.Westview Press, 1966.

Ivereigh, Austen. Catholicism and Politics in Argentina, 1810–1960. Saint Martin’s Press, 1995.

Moyano, Maria J. Argentina’s Lost Patrol: Armed Struggle, 1969–1979.Yale University Press, 1995.

Szuchman, Mark D. and Brown, Jonathan C. Revolution and Restoration: The Rearrangement of Power in Argentina, 1776–1860. University of Nebraska Press, 1994.

Politics and Government Brysk, Alison. The Politics of Human Rights in Argentina: Protest, Change, and Democratization. Stanford University Press, 1994.

Gibson, Edward L. Class and Conservative Parties: Argentina in Comparative Perspective. Johns Napkins University Press, 1996.

Gough, Barry. The Falkland Islands Malvinas: The Contest for Empire in the South Atlantic. Humanities Press International, 1992.

Norden, Deborah L. Military Rebellion in Argentina: Between Coups and Consolidation. University of Nebraska Press, 1996.

Rock, David. Authoritarian Argentina: The Nationalistic Movement, Its History and Its Impact. University of California Press.

Snow, Peter G. Political Forces in Argentina. Praeger. Westport, CT, 1993.

Tulchin, Joseph S. Argentina and theUnited States: A Conflicted Relationship. Macmillan, 1990.

Economics and Sociology De La Blaze, Felipe. The Political Economy of Argentina, 1946–83. Edited by Guida Di Tella and Rudiger Dornbush. University of Pittsburgh Press, 1988.

Argentina: From Insolvency to Growth. World Bank, 1993.

Remaking the Argentine Economy. Council of Foreign Relations, 1995.

Nolan, James L. et al. Argentina Business. World Trade Press: San Rafael, CA, 1996.

Argentine Classics (in English or English Translations) Guiraides, Ricardo. Don Segundo Sombra.

Hernandez, Jose. The Gaucho, Martin Fierro. Translation by Waiter Owen of El Gaucho Martin Fierro and La Vuelta de Martin Fierro.

Hudson, William Henry. Far Away and Long Ago.

—The Purple Land.

—Tales of the Pampas.

Martinez, Tomas Eloy. Peron—The Novel.

Rojas, Ricardo. San Martin: Knight of the Andes. Cooper Square, 1966.

Sarmiento, Domingo R. Life in the Argentine Republic in the Days of the Tyrants: Civilization and Barbarism. Translation by Mrs. Horace Mann. Gordon Press Publishers, 1976.

Soriano, Osvaldo. A Funny Little, Dirty Little War. (Spanish title: No Habra mas Penas ni Olvidos.)

Wynia, Gary. Argentina: Illusions andRealities. 2nd ed. Holmes & Meier Publishers, 1992.

Works in Spanish Borges, Jorge Luis and Jose E. Clemente. El Lenguaje de Buenos Aires. Buenos Aires, 1965.

Di Tella, Guido. De Peron a Peron Argentina 1973–76.

Di Telia, IS., Gino Germani, and Jose Graciarena. Argentina, Sociedad de Masas. Buenos Aires, 1962.

Escardo, Fiorerncio. Geografia de Buenos Aires. Buenos Aires, 1966.

Guissani, Pablo. Montoneros-La Soberbia Armada.

Imaz, Jose Luis de. Los que Mandan. Buenos Aires, 1964.

Magnet, Alejandro. Nuestros Vecinos Argentinos. Santiago, 1956.

Martinez Estrada, Ezequiel. Radiografia de la Pampa. Buenos Aires, 1961.

Travel Ball, Deidre. Insight Guide to Argentina. 3rd ed. Houghton Mifflin, 1995.

Benmayor, Lily. This is Buenos Aires. Ediciones Arte y Turismo: Buenos Aires, 1989.

Chatwin, Bruce. In Patagonia.

Darwin, Charles. The Voyage of the Beagle.

Greenburg, Arnold. Buenos Aires. Alive and the Best of Argentina. Hunter Publishing, 1995.

Quesada, Maria S. Estancias: Las Grandes Haciendas de Argentina. Abbeville Press, 1992.

Theroux, Paul. The Old Patagonian Express.

Local Holidays Last Updated: 11/17/2003 11:17 AM

New Year’s Day January 1 Malvinas April 2 Veterans Day April 2 Memorial Day April 2 Good Friday late March or April Labor Day May 1 Revolution Day May 25 Flag Day 3rd Monday in June Independence Day July 9 Death of San Martin Day 3rd Monday in August Columbus Day Moves to previous Monday if October 12 falls Tuesday or Wednesday or to following Monday if it falls Thursday or Friday

Immaculate Conception Day December 8 Christmas December 25