Nature heaved mountains to the sky and gouged deep green valleys in Austria; the Alps and their foothills cross from west to east and cover three-fourths of the pearshaped republic.

Its nine provinces shape a nation of diverse charm. In the Tirol, winter sees garlanded cattle return to valley farms from summer pasture on meadow heights, and skiers claim the slopes. Neighboring Salzburg, too, is a paradise of winter sports and summer hiking; its namesake city holds a famed festival rich with the music of a land that gave the world such greats as Mozart, Schubert, Strauss, and Haydn. Pine-forested and rocky peaks of these provinces contrast with the blue lakes of Carinthia and the green vineyards of Styria.

Vienna, capital and once the core of the far-flung Austro-Hungarian domain, lifts its baroque silhouette above the plains of a brown river — immortalized as the beautiful Blue Danube waltz.

A quarter of Austria’s population lives in Vienna along the winding streets of a past grand age or in one of the many modern apartment houses built by a booming economy. Steady expansion of mining, metalworking, and hydroelectric power has more than doubled Austria’s industrial output since 1938, though one of six Austrians still farms the mountainous land. Hard work has not changed Austria’s Gemütlichkeit, the gay, relaxed outlook that runs through its life like the swirling lilt of a Viennese waltz.

Vienna is one of Europe’ oldest capitals and an enjoyable post. Noted for its physical beauty and rich culture life, Vienna is a cosmopolitan city that has historically served as a bridge between East and West. It is host to several important United Nations agencies. The dramatic changes in Eastern Europe since 1989 and Austria’s entry into the European Union have highlighted the country’s role in Europe’s rapidly evolving political and economics institutions, including the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE), based in Vienna. An assignment to Vienna offers a challenging, professional environment as well as attractive recreational and travel opportunities.

The Host Country

Area, Geography, and Climate Last Updated: 12/4/2003 4:38 AM

Austria, located in the heart of Europe, is about the size of Maine. It shares a common border with four members of NATO: the Federal Republic of Germany, the Czech Republic, Hungary, and Italy; two NATO associate members: Slovakia and Slovenia; neutral Switzerland; and the Principality of Liechtenstein. Austria is primarily mountainous, with Alps and their approaches dominating the western and southern provinces. The eastern provinces and Vienna are located in the Danube Basin.

Temperature extremes in Vienna vary between summer highs of 95°F and - 4°F in winter. October may be damp and rainy, and light snowfalls occur in November and December. Snow, sometimes heavy, and frost can occur from January until mid-March. April, May, and early June offer pleasant spring weather, and summers are often delightful.

Vienna sometimes becomes uncomfortably hot in July and August, especially in the city’s center, but the suburbs, particularly those which are elevated, are pleasant. The city is subject to rapid and marked changes in atmospheric pressures with accompanying winds. One such wind, the foehn, carries warm air from the south. It has a special meaning for the Viennese since many people blame it for peculiar human behavior. Average annual precipitation in Vienna is 21.02 inches.

The mountainous regions have long, cold winters with heavy snowfall and bright, crisp days. The Danube Basin usually has less snow, is more damp, and therefore has more gray and overcast days than the higher altitudes.

Population Last Updated: 12/4/2003 4:40 AM

Austria’s population is 8.1 million; about 1.6 million live in Vienna. As opposed to the ethnic diversity of the old empire, the present-day population is fairly homogenous. Of the six officially recognized minorities, only 2 show significant numbers: about 17,000 Croatians in Burgenland and some 15,000 Slovenes in Carinthia and Styria. In addition, significant numbers of individuals of Serbian, Bosnian, Turkish, North African, and East European origin have recently settled in the country, residing mostly in Vienna. An estimated 40,000 Bosnian refugees are residing in Austria. Many Austrians, particularly in the Vienna area, have relatives in the neighboring Czech Republic, Slovakia, and Hungary. German is the first language of about 91% of the population.

Approximately 74% of the Austrian population is Roman Catholic. In contrast to the clericalism which strongly influenced Austrian affairs as late as the 1930s, the present church hierarchy is not politically active.

Public Institutions Last Updated: 12/4/2003 5:08 AM

The Republic of Austria is a federal state with nine provinces, one of which is Vienna. The government is parliamentary. A Council of Ministers headed by the Chancellor is responsible to the legislature. The directly elected President has predominately ceremonial responsibilities.

The legislature is bicameral with the Nationalrat (lower house) exercising real legislative authority. The Bundesrat (upper house) only reviews legislation passed by the Nationalrat and has delaying, not absolute veto, powers.

Since World War 11, Austria has been politically stable. The two coalition parties — People’s Party (OVP) and the Freedom Party (FPO) have the support of about 52% of the electorate. The remaining 48% is divided among the Social Democrats (SPO), the Greens and five splinter groups.1 Extremist parties have virtually no influence on government policy.

The Social Democratic Party traditionally draws its constituency from blue- and white-collar workers, so that much of its strength lies in the urban and industrialized areas. In the past, the party advocated heavy state involvement in Austria’s key industries, the extension of social security benefits, and a full-employment policy. In the mid-1980s, the party began to swing toward free market-oriented economic policies and balancing the federal budget.

The traditional constituency of the People’s Party has been among farmers and businesses. Its centers of strength are the rural regions of Austria. In economic matters, the party advocates conservative financial policies and privatization of much of Austria’s nationalized industry. It favors Austrian membership in NATO.

For years, the Freedom Party has been the major opposition party. The party's mixture of populism and antiestablishment themes has won increased support. It became the second strongest party in the 1999 parliamentary elections and moved into the government in 2000.

The Austrian parliamentary elections, held in November 2002, produced an OVP-FPO coalition government. The People's Party under its chairman, Chancellor Wolfgang Schussel, reached 42% (after 27% in 1999). The Social Democratic Party reached 37% compared to 33% in 1999. The Freedom Party's share of the electorate dropped from 27% to 1999 to 10% in 2002. The Greens reached 9%.

The Austrian State Treaty of 1955 ended the four-power occupation and recognized Austria as an independent and sovereign state. The Federal Assembly passed a constitutional law declaring Austria’s “perpetual neutrality.” Austrian neutrality prohibits membership in military alliances and the establishment of foreign military bases on Austrian soil. Over the years, neutrality came to symbolize much more than the law stated. With its decision to join the European Union January 1, 1995 — and following the demise of the Warsaw Pact — Austria has begun reassessing its definition of neutrality.

Austrian foreign policy is shaped by neutrality and the concept of “solidarity” under UN mandates. For example, Austrians serve in Bosnia (IFOR/SFOR), and in UN peacekeeping missions. Austrian leaders also emphasize the unique role the country plays as a link between East and West and between the industrialized and developing countries. Austria is active in the UN; several UN agencies, including the International Atomic Energy Agency and the UN Drug Control Programs, Space Program and Center for International Crime Prevention, are headquartered in the Vienna International Center, which opened in 1979. The U.S. has a Mission (UNVIE) to these organizations headed by an American Ambassador, who also represents the U.S. at the organization charged with the implementation of the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty. In addition, the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) operates from Vienna and the Austrians play an active role. The U.S. Mission to OSCE is also headed by an Ambassador. The Wassenaar Arrangement on Export Controls for Conventional Arms and Dual-Use Goods and Technologies, is headquartered in Vienna, as are the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA) and the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC).

11.5% non-party voters.

Arts, Science, and Education Last Updated: 12/18/2003 6:54 AM

Austria is a paradise for the arts. The Vienna State Opera, “Staatsoper,” the Burgtheater, and the “Volksoper” rank among the world’s leading cultural organizations.

The great Vienna orchestras include the Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra and the Vienna Symphony Orchestra. The “Musikverein” and the “Konzerthaus” present special concerts and recitals by internationally famous artists.

Visitors from all over the world are attracted to Austria each year by a variety of festivals: the Vienna Festival in May/June; the Salzburg Mozart week in January; the Salzburg Festivals at Easter, Pentecost, and the “Sound of Easter” concerts in Vienna; the Carinthian Summer Festival; the Bregenz Festival; and the avantgarde Styrian Fall Festival in Graz. Vienna is the home of the Vienna Boys’ Choir and the celebrated Spanish Riding School which features the beautiful white Lipizzaner horses.

Interest in science and research is promoted by the universities, the Austrian Institute for Historical Research, and a number of think tanks, among them the Institute for Human Sciences and the Institute for Culture Studies, “IFK.” The Institute for Advanced Studies is also located here.

Austria has 18 institutions of higher learning with university status, 6 of which are music and fine arts colleges. Recently, a number of polytechnics, so-called “Fachhochschulen,” have been added. The total student body in Austrian universities is about 245,000, approximately 30,000 of whom are foreigners. Austrian universities are free for Austrian citizens. EU students pay a tuition fee of €726 (approx. US$800) per semester. Austria’s institutions of higher learning are open to qualified Americans in most departments. However, some fields — varying from university to university — have restricted access due to limited study and laboratory facilities. In these cases admission will be granted on a competition basis. American citizens planning to study in Austria should therefore check with the pertinent department prior to planning their studies abroad.

With the exception of the various language department’s, most courses at Austrian universities are given in German. Therefore, a good knowledge of the language is one of the prerequisites for studying at an Austrian institution of higher learning. The other requirement relevant for American citizens is a high school diploma. For instruction in the arts, particularly music and voice, excellent private teachers are available.

Also, a considerable number of American colleges and universities have branches in Austria with programs varying from 3 weeks to an academic year. Webster University offers a full undergraduate program with courses in art, history, political science, economics, management, international relations, German, and English. The internationally renown Salzburg Seminar at Schloss Leopoldskron, Salzburg, each year attracts young scholars and professionals in a variety of fields from Europe, the U.S., and around the world.

Austrian education follows the traditional European system. School attendance is mandatory from 6 years until the age of 15, when students either continue their education or enter an apprenticeship program.

Commerce and Industry Last Updated: 12/4/2003 5:46 AM

Austria is a small, open economy with a high standard of living, dependent on foreign trade and closely linked to the economies of other European Union (EU) member states, particularly Germany. Foreign trade and investment ties with Central and Eastern European countries also play an increasingly important role. The U.S. is the most important overseas trading partner. The country has been a member of the EU since 1995 and as one of twelve EU members participating in the Economic and Monetary Union, has since March 1, 2002 the Euro (€) as its only legal tender. Total GDP in 2002 was US$206 billion (€218 billion at the 2002 annual average exchange rate). Based on per capita GDP (US$25,075 in 2002), Austria is the fifth richest EU country. The Austrian economy is dominated by services, accounting for 70% of employment, followed by manufacturing. Exports of Austrian goods and services account for more than 50% of GDP. Small and medium-sized companies are predominant. Starting in the early 1990s, many of the country's largest firms, nationalized in the early post-war period, were wholly or partially privatized. The current government is carrying through an ambitious privatization program and plans to considerably reduce government participation in the economy. Other priorities of the government are to balance the budget and enact social and structual reform to make Austria a more liberal and open society and improve its attractiveness to foreign investors.

Austria's 1995 accession to the EU had a positive impact on foreign investment, inflation, and economic growth by providing access to the single market and by fostering liberal policies to promote competition and dismantle protectionism. The economic opening of the Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries also has had a stimulative effect on Austria's ecomony. Austrian firms have invested sizable sums in and continue to move labor-intensive low-tech production to these countries. Austrian banks have established extensive networks in the CEE countries. Austria serves as an economic gateway to the CEE, attracting EU firms seeking convenient access to newly emerging markets. About 150 of the 360 American firms in Austria base their Eastern European activities in Vienna. However, as a location for foreign investment and regional headquarters, Austria is increasingly under pressure f rom CEE competition for such investment. The Austrian government, as well as business interests, support the EU's eastern enlargement, but was able to negotiate transition periods for free movement of labor and of services with the enlargement candidates to minimize competitive impacts on the Austrian labor market.

Transportation Last Updated: 12/4/2003 6:00 AM

Automobiles

Vehicles imported into Austria must meet strict safety and technical standards established by the Austrian Ministry for Transportation. Conversion charges to Austrian specifications can be very costly. Contact the Joint Management Office (JMO) Customs and Shipping Office for information on importing a non-Austrian specifications vehicle into Austria. This office will assist new arrivals with customs clearances, vehicle registration, and safety inspection.

Embassy personnel on the diplomatic list may import two motor vehicles duty free at any time during a 3-year period. (Please note that a moped or motorcycle counts as a motor vehicle.)

Austrian law requires liability insurance in the legal minimum amounts for all motor vehicles with Austrian registration, including motor vehicles belonging to diplomatic missions and to all personnel of diplomatic missions. The law also requires that motor vehicles be insured with companies approved by the Austrian Ministry of Finance.

Local

Public transportation in Vienna is excellent. A network of streetcars, buses and subways which maintain dependable service at reasonable fares, covers the city. Public transportation operates from 5:30 a.m. until about midnight, thereafter there is a special "night service."

Many taxis are available 24 hours a day at stands in Vienna. Prices are relatively high, and drivers expect a tip of 10% beyond the meter price.

Regional

Rail transportation to most parts of Europe is frequent, fast, and reliable.

Many major international airlines have regular direct or connecting service to and from Vienna. Almost all of Europe's principal cities are easily accessible by air and rail.

Automobiles Last Updated: 11/20/2003 10:23 AM

Vehicles imported into Austria must meet strict safety and technical standards established by the Austrian Ministry for Transportation. Conversion changes to Austrian specifications can be very costly. Contact the Joint Administrative Office (JAO) Customs an Shipping Office for information on importing a non-Austrian specifications vehicle into Austria. This office will assist new arrival with customs clearances, vehicle registration and safety inspection.

Embassy personnel on the diplomatic list may import two motor vehicles duty free at any time during a 3-year period (Please note that a moped or motorcycle counts as a motor vehicle.) Personnel not on the diplomatic list may import one motor vehicle, new or used, at any time during their assignment.

Austrian law requires liability insurance in the legal minimum amounts for all motor vehicles with Austrian registration including motor vehicles belonging to diplomatic missions and to all personnel of diplomatic missions. The law also requires that motor vehicles be insured with companies approved by the Austrian Ministry of Finance.

Local Transportation Last Updated: 11/20/2003 10:23 AM

Public transportation in Vienna is excellent. A network of streetcars, buses, and subways which maintain dependable service at reasonable fares, covers the city. Public transportation operates from 5:30 a.m. until about midnight, thereafter there is a special “night service.”

Many taxis are available 24 hours a day at stands in Vienna. Prices are relatively high, and drivers expect a tip of 10% beyond the meter price.

Regional Transportation Last Updated: 11/20/2003 10:24 AM

Rail transportation to most parts of Europe is frequent, fast, and reliable.

Many major international airlines have regular direct or connecting service to and from Vienna. Almost all of Europe’s principal cities are easily accessible by air and rail.

Communications Last Updated: 12/18/2003 6:58 AM

Telephone and Telegraph

Telephone and telegraph service to all countries is available through the Austrian post at standard international rates. All U.S. Government-owned housing units have telephone service at the occupant's expense. Monthly telephone charges are more expensive than in the U.S. as all calls are metered. An international station-to-station telephone call from Austria to the U.S. is normally more expensive than a call of the same duration placed from the U.S. However, alternative telephone service is available from a number of long distance companies at reduced rates. Calling cards are available from the local post office or Tabak-Trafik stores and offer equally good rates.

Mail and Pouch

International mail deliveries to and from the U.S. are reliable and frequent; transit time varies between 5 and 10 days for airmail and 3-5 weeks for surface mail. Parcel post services are available at international rates, and delivery to the U.S. takes 4-6 weeks.

Customs declarations are required on all outgoing packages. Customs clearances are required on all incoming packages. The latter takes about 1 week for diplomatic personnel and 3-4 weeks for other personnel. International mail may be addressed to the Embassy, USOSCE, or UNVIE as follows:

Name American Embassy Vienna Boltzmanngasse 16 A-1091 Vienna, Austria

Name USOSCE, Vienna Obersteinergasse 11-1 A-1190 Vienna, Austria

Name UNVIE, Vienna Wagramerstrasse 17-19 A-1220 Vienna, Austria

International letter mail can also be delivered to the employee's residence if so addressed.

Personal mail and packages may also be received through the Department of State pouch system using the following addresses:

Name 9900 Vienna Place Dulles, VA 20189-9900

Name 9850 OSCE Place Dulles, VA 20189-9850

Name 9950 UNVIE Place Dulles, VA 20189-9950

Personal merchandise packages (excluding liquids), newpapers and other periodicals may be received via pouch provided they meet the size and weight limits of the State Department pouch system. Pouch transit time from Washington to Vienna averages 3 to 4 days. Total transit time from place of posting to Washington varies from 7 to 21 days. All pouches to Vienna are sent via air. Express mail services are also available and provide overnight delivery service throughout Europe and North America.

Austrian Broadcast Media

The Austrian Broadcasting Corporation, ORF, is financed out of user fees and advertisement and governed by a board ("Kuratorium") of representatives from the broadcast industry, the government, and the public sector. ORF is known for its excellent news coverage, produced in Austria. Entertainment programming relies heavily on German series and U.S. and German movies. News and information programming is not overtly censured and the executive board has the obligation to see to it that all political voices are heard. ORF does exercise censorship on excessive violence in entertainment programs. English language radio broadcasting is available on FM4 (103.8) from 1 a.m. to 2 p.m.

ORF continues to have a de facto monopoly on local broadcasting, despite large-scale privatization of radio frequencies which began in April, 1998. Several out of a planned 53 private radio stations licensed by a new "Regional Radio Authority" instituted under the Office of the Austrian Chancellor are now operating. The new stations are a long-term result of a liberalization process of the Austrian broadcast media scene which started in 1993, when the European Court of Justice ruled against Austria's broadcasting monopoly. A law permitting private regional radio stations came into effect in 1994 and limited the participation of print-media owners to 26 percent in one radio station and 10 percent in each of two other stations, to avoid media concentration. Cable television provides a broad variety of foreign television broadcasts, including CNN, and there are several avenues for procuring direct TV or satellite system reception for monthly fees.

American radios will work with voltage transformers, but the television broadcasting system is different from that of the U.S. Compatible European television sets are available locally. Multi-system receivers can be obtained at military shopping facilities in Germany.

Newpapers, Magazines, and Technical Journals

The International Herald Tribune, The Wall Street Journal, and USA Today are sold at newstands and hotels throughout Vienna's First District, usually the same day they are published. Subscriptions to them, as well as Time, Newsweek, and the Stars and Stripes, are available for timely delivery to the Embassy or to employees' homes. Six general circulation daily German-language newspapers are published in Vienna. Three, Der Standard, Kurier and Die Presse, offer serious coverage of international and local news, as does the Salzburger Nachricten, published in Salzburg but widely available in Vienna. Other European newspapers are available at local newsstands, as are some popular American magazines. Imported publications are expensive.

Because of prohibitive international postage costs and customs clearance delays, have subscriptions to U.S. periodicals sent to the pouch address.

A fairly good supply of books in English may be purchased at leading bookstores, but they are expensive. The facilities of Amerika Haus and the British Council Library are available to the Tri-Mission community. Children's English-language books are in short supply, and families should bring them from the U.S. or order them from the U.S. or British publishing firms. Many employees order reading material from on-line sources.

Telephones and Telecommunications Last Updated: 12/5/2003 10:33 AM

Telephone and telegraph service to all countries is available through the Austrian post at standard international rates. All U.S. Government-owned housing units have telephone service at the occupant’s expense. Monthly telephone charges are more expensive than in the U.S. as all calls are metered. An international station-to-station telephone call from Austria to the U. S. is normally more expensive than a call of the same duration placed from the U.S. However, alternative telephone sevice is available from a number of long distance companies at reduced rates. Calling cards are available from the local post office or Tabak-Trafik stores and offer equally good rates.

Internet Last Updated: 12/19/2003 4:48 AM

Both dial-up and ADSL (broadband) are available. Welcome packets include a form that can be faxed to Austrian Telekom to initiate service. Other ISPs are available as well.

Mail and Pouch Last Updated: 6/14/2004 7:27 AM

International mail deliveries to and from the U.S. are reliable and frequent; transit time varies between 5 and 15 days for airmail and 3–5 weeks for surface mail. Parcel post services are available at international rates, and delivery to the U.S. takes 4–6 weeks.

Customs declarations are required on all outgoing packages. Customs clearances are required on all incoming packages. The latter takes about 1 week for diplomatic personnel and 3–4 weeks for other personnel.

Personal mail and packages may be received through the Department of State pouch system using the following addresses:

For Embassy: Name
9900 Vienna Place
Dulles, VA 20189–9900

For USOSCE: Name
9850 OSCE Place
Dulles, VA 20189–9850

For UNVIE: Name
9950 UNVIE Place
Dulles, VA 20189–9950

Personal merchandise packages (excluding liquids), newspapers, and other periodicals may all be received via pouch provided they meet the size and weight limits of the State Department pouch system. Pouch transit time from Washington to Vienna averages 3 to 4 days. Total transit time from place of posting to Washington ranges from 7 to 21 days. All pouches to Vienna are sent via air. Express mail services are available in Vienna and provide overnight delivery service throughout Europe and North America.

In addition to standard mail and pouch services, Vienna has been chosen as a pilot site for the Diplomatic Post Office (DPO) initiative. The DPO is a fast, APO/FPO equivalent mail service developed by the Department that augments our standard DOS pouch service. You can visit the Vienna home page for more information on the DPO <http://10.163.224.7/Mailroom/index.htm>.

Radio and TV Last Updated: 12/5/2003 10:35 AM

The Austrian Broadcasting Corporation, ORF, is financed out of user fees and advertisement and governed by a board (“Kuratorium”) of representatives from the broadcast industry, the government, and the public sector. ORF is known for its excellent news coverage, produced in Austria. Entertainment programming relies heavily on German series and U.S. and German movies. News and information programming is not overtly censured and the executive board has the obligation to see to it that all political voices are heard. ORF does exercise censorship on excessive violence in entertainment programs. English language radio broadcasting is available on FM4 (103.8) from 1 a.m. to 2 p.m.

ORF continues to have a de facto monopoly on local broadcasting, despite large-scale privatization of radio frequencies which began in April 1998. Several out of a planned 53 private radio stations licensed by a new “Regional Radio Authority” instituted under the Office of the Austrian Chancellor are now operating. The new stations are a long-term result of a liberalization process of the Austrian broadcast media scene which started in 1993, when the European Court of Justice ruled against Austria’s broadcasting monopoly. A law permitting private regional radio stations came into effect in 1994 and limited the participation of print-media owners to 26 percent in one radio station and 10 percent in each of two other stations, to avoid media concentration. Laws permitting the introduction of private (terrestrial) television are planned for the near future. Cable television provides a broad variety of foreign television broadcast, including CNN, and there are several avenues of procuring direct TV or satellite system reception for monthly fees.

American radios will work with voltage transformers, but the television broadcasting system is different from that of the U.S. Compatible European television sets are sold locally, as are multisystem receivers, which can also be obtained at military shopping facilities in Germany.

Newspapers, Magazines, and Technical Journals Last Updated: 11/20/2003 10:29 AM

The International Herald Tribune, The Wall Street Journal, and USA Today are sold at newsstands and hotels throughout Vienna's First District, usually the same day they are published. Subscriptions to them, as well as to Time, Newsweek, and the Stars and Stripes, are available for timely delivery to the Embassy or to employees' homes. Austria Today, a local newspaper in English, is published weekly. Six general circulation daily German-language newspapers are published in Vienna. Three, Der Standard, Kurier and Die Presse, offer serious coverage of international and local news, as does the Salzburger Nachrichten, published in Salzburg but widely available in Vienna. Other European newspapers are available at local newsstands, as are some popular American magazines. Imported publications are expensive.

Because of prohibitive international postage costs and customs clearance delays, have subscriptions to U.S. periodicals sent to the pouch address.

The post receives and distributes a daily file from Washington and publishes a daily summary of the Austrian press in English.

A fairly good supply of books in English may be purchased at leading bookstores, but they are expensive. The facilities of Amerika Haus and the British Council Library are also available to the TriMission community. Since children’s English-language books are in short supply, families should bring them from the U.S. or order them from the U.S. or British publishing firms.

Health and Medicine

Medical Facilities Last Updated: 6/4/2004 8:30 AM

Vienna is home base for a Regional Medical Office that has responsibility for much of central Europe. When they are not traveling, the Foreign Service Regional Medical Officer, Regional Medical Officer/Psychiatrist and Nurse Practitioner provide primary medical care and primary medical care and mental health services to the official American community in Vienna. The Health Unit is also staffed by two part-time registered nurses and a full-time office administrator.

Primary medical and dental care in Austria, while somewhat more expensive than in the U.S., is very good. Austrian hospitals are well-staffed and well-equipped. Most patients requiring hospitalization (including deliveries) remain in Vienna. The Health Unit assists patients in referrals to local specialists and dentists. Vienna also serves as a Regional Medevac Center for some nearby posts.

Local pharmacies are well-stocked with European pharmaceuticals, many of which are the same as their U.S. equivalent. Prices are similar to those in the U.S. The Health Unit maintains a supply of drugs dispensed by the Regional Medical Officers and post nurse, but does not provide medications for chronic (long-term) use.

The Department of State’s medical program limits its co-payment of medical bills to hospital and hospital-related charges only. It does not cover routine outpatient docotr visits or outpatient laboratory charges and radiology charges, except those associated with clearance examinations. Therefore, having adequate fee-for-service health insurance, such as Blue Cross/Blue Shield or the Foreign Service Benefit Plan, etc., is absolutely necessary.

Community Health Last Updated: 12/5/2003 10:24 AM

Disease prevalence in Vienna is similar to that of any major American city. All milk is pasteurized and all water is safe. No special precautions need be taken for a tour in Vienna. However, please ensure that your standard immunizations/boosters are valid. The immunization clinic at the Department of State can assist you in this. The Vienna Health Unit will offer you a vaccine against the locally prevalent Tick-Borne Encephalitis after your arrival at post.

Preventive Measures Last Updated: 12/5/2003 10:29 AM

In areas of Austria and Central Europe, there is a danger of contracting encephalitis (inflammation of the brain) from a virus carried by a locally common tick species. Although not all ticks carry the tick-borne Encephalitis virus, those that do are frequently found in wooded, low-lying areas, such as the Vienna Woods. A very effective vaccine developed in Austria is highly recommended for all persons living in Vienna who expect to enjoy outdoor activities, such as walking and jogging. The Health Unit has a annual immunization campaign for all Mission employees and families.

Drinking water in Vienna has an inadequate level of natural fluoride and none is added. The Health Unit provides special fluoride tablets for supplementation to all children 6 months to 16 years.

Individuals on long-term medications should plan to bring at least a 6-month supply of the drug with them. In addition, the Regional Medical Officers can write prescriptions which can either be filled locally, at a U.S. pharmacy, or through a U.S. mail-order pharmaceutical supply company.

Employment for Spouses and Dependents Last Updated: 6/4/2004 8:33 AM

Limited employment opportunities exist for family members in Austria.

U.S. family members may compete for vacancies at the United Nations organizations headquartered in the Vienna International Center. Collectively, these organizations employ over 2,000 persons, although U.N. budgetary problems have decreased U.N. job opportunities.

Position vacancy notices for these organizations are normally posted for 60 to 120 days before being filled. Anyone can apply for these positions and, in theory, any qualified person can be chosen. In practice, however, a national quota system influences selection for most professional and executive-level positions and may limit opportunities for Americans or other nationals already represented at or near their respective quota levels. For most general services positions (clerical, secretarial, maintenance), governmental sponsorship is not required, national quotas are not applied and hiring is done locally on the basis of direct application to the organization concerned.

Persons interested in professional positions should check the website for job vacancies: http://www.state.gov/plio/empl/11078.html. They may also write directly to the appropriate United Nations organization Personnel Office or the U. S. Department of State, IO/EX/IR, Washington, D.C. 20520, giving a synopsis of their qualifications and requesting appropriate job vacancy information plus the proper U.S. application forms. Current vacancies are posted on State’s web page (www.state.gov/www/issues/unvacant.html).

The Joint Management Office Human Resources Section recruits American family members to fill administrative and clerical positions at the Embassy, UNVIE, and USOSCE. There are currently 30 such positions, but this varies every year.

A large number of American companies and subsidiaries are in Austria. Much of the hiring of U.S. citizens for these companies is done by the home office in the U.S. Family members interested in employment with these businesses are urged to apply directly to the head office and to be available for interviews in the U.S. firm in Austria. A list of American companies operating in Austria is prepared by the American Chamber of Commerce and is available at the FSI Family Workshop. The American Women’s Association also publishes a book entitled Women and Work in Austria, which is available from the AWA, Mahlerstrasse 3/7-8, A-1010 Vienna. The Women's Career Network is an independent subgroup of the American Women's Association and acts as a resource and support network for women seeking to develop and expand their career opportunities in Austria.

The American International School accepts applications from family members who are qualified teachers. Family members who are experienced teachers should submit their curriculum vitae directly to the Director of the American International School (47 Salmannsdorfer Strasse, A-1190 Vienna). Some family members have been successful in finding teaching positions in the Austrian school system. Such positions, usually teaching English, can only be found with considerable footwork after arrival. Interested dependents should go to the Bundesministerium fuer Unterricht und Kunst for information. It is also possible for a fully qualified family member to find a teaching position at the university if he or she speaks fluent German and can teach subject matters for which no Austrian candidate is available. Performing arts is an overcrowded and extremely competitive field, although American training and discipline can be a positive factor. Performers are hired solely on the basis of individual talent and most have an agent and belong to the strong Austrian Performing Arts Union. Knowledge of German is a must. Pay is somewhat lower than in the U.S. per performance, although a longer season compensates. Technical positions (stage design, costuming, etc.) fall under Austrian diploma/certificate requirements.

American Embassy - Vienna

Post City Last Updated: 12/5/2003 4:31 AM

Vienna, Austria’s capital and largest city, is located in the Danube Basin at the eastern end of the European Alpine range, near the borders of Hungary, the Czech Republic, and Slovakia. Initially established as a Roman outpost and trading center on the banks of the Danube, Vienna evolved, under centuries of Hapsburg rule, into one of the world’s most important capitals.

In the 19th century the city was the leading capital in Central Europe. After the Hapsburg Empire was dissolved in late1918, however, the imperial city became the capital of a state unsure of its own identity. The political and economic crises of the 1920s and 1930s, World War II, and the postwar occupation stifled progress and reduced the city to an impoverished remnant of its once great past. It was sometimes referred to as “a head without a body.”

Since 1966, however, the city has undergone a rejuvenation. The newcomer’s first impressions are those of activity — new construction, renovation, street repairs, and traffic. The city’s center lies within the First District, surrounded by the Ring (site of the old city walls, but now a broad thoroughfare). The main shopping area, fine hotels and restaurants, as well as many historic places and churches, are located in or very near to this district.

Knowledge of German is very important and helpful for professional effectiveness and full enjoyment of Austrian culture, although English is widely spoken.

Security Last Updated: 12/18/2003 7:46 AM

Vienna is a very safe city. Violent crime is minimal and the city is closely policed. However, thefts do occur and all personnel are cautioned to be aware of their surroundings and to exercise the same common sense personal security measures as they would in any other metropolitan area. Pickpockets and handbag thieves in crowded areas and on public transportation are the most prevalent risk. Pickpockets also frequently work in tandem and employ various distraction techniques.

Less common to American personnel, yet still prevalent, are home break-ins. Keep in touch with your neighbors often and let them know if you leave town. All employees are reminded to use their deadbolts and never to open their doors until they have positively identified who is on the other side.

Employees are also advised to exercise extra caution in securing important documents, passports, cash and credit cards while traveling around Europe. Tri-Mission personnel have experienced theft in airports, train stations, and on trains. Thieves employ various techniques while on trains, from paying off conductors to blatantly breaking into a cabin while occupants sleep. When traveling by train in southern Europe, employees are advised to secure cabin doors by other means (i.e. rope or a belt) in addition to any door locks.

The Post and Its Administration Last Updated: 12/18/2003 7:37 AM

U.S. Embassy
Embassy Vienna performs the full range of functions and services usually found at a large-sized Mission, and is accordingly organized along conventional country team lines with an Executive Office, Economic/Political and Consular Sections, and Commercial (FCS), Public Affairs, and Defense Attaché (DAO) Offices. Administrative support to the Embassy, the Mission to the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (USOSCE), and the U.S. Mission to the U.N. System Organizations in Vienna (UNVIE) and their attached agencies is provided by the Joint Management Office (JMO).

The Embassy provides substantial support for various U.S. regional activities, focused mainly on Central and Eastern Europe. Embassy elements with regional responsibilities include the Regional Program Office (RPO); Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS), Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA), Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), Department of Homeland Security Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) and U.S. Customs Service (CUS), Federal Bureau of Investigation (LEGATT), and Foreign Broadcast Information Service (FBIS). In addition, various administration support services are provided by the JMO to Embassies/Missions outside Austria, including: Zagreb, Ljubljana, Bratislava, Prague, Sofia, Skopje, Belgrade, and Sarajevo. The Chancery is located at 16 Boltzmanngasse in the 9th District. The Chancery was built under Emperor Franz Josef in 1904 as an Austro-Hungarian Diplomatic and Consular Academy. The main phone number for all agencies (except FBIS) is (43–1) 31339. FBIS can be reached at (43–1) 440–1466.

The Consular Section, INS, and DEA are located in the Marriott Hotel, located on Parkring at 2 Gartenbaupromenade in the 1 st District. Public Affairs/RPO is located at 14 Schmidgasse in the 8th District. The FBIS Bureau is at 126 Poetzleinsdorferstrasse in a villa on the city’s outskirts. The Employee Association commissary, JMO motor pool, and JMO/GSO maintenance are centrally located at 4 Albertplatz and Breitenfeldergasse (8th District).

United States Mission to the United Nations System Organizations in Viennac (UNVIE)
UNVIE provides permanent U.S. representation to the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), the UN Office on Drugs & Crime, the Wassenaar Arrangement, and a number of other UN organs with headquarters in Vienna. UNVIE also represents the U.S. before the Preparatory Commission and Provisional Secretariat of the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty Organization (CTBTO). The United States only supports activities related to building the International Monitoring System of the CTBTO, not the Treaty itself. UNVIE promotes U.S. global interests on a number of fronts including: prevention of nuclear weapons proliferation; combating international terrorism; fighting the production and abuse of illicit narcotics, curbing international organized crime, corruption, and human trafficking; and controlling transfers of conventional weapons and dual-use technologies. In support of these policies, UNVIE supports over 1000 official visitors each year — from Cabinet officers and large delegations to individual experts. The Mission includes the following sections: Executive Office, IAEA, Political/Economic, and Arms Control. The Mission is headed by a U.S. Permanent Representative (with ambassadorial rank) and includes officials from the Department of State, Department of Energy, the Nuclear Regulatory Commission, and U.S. National Laboratories. Administrative support to UNVIE and the U.S. Mission to the OSCE in Vienna is provided by a Joint Administrative Office. UNVIE is located in the 22nd District of Vienna, at 17–19 Wagramerstrasse, 5 miles from the U.S. Embassy, adjacent to the Vienna International Center, and has stunning view of Vienna.

United States Mission to the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (USOSCE)
The U.S. is one of the 55 nations participating in the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE). OSCE began as a Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe in 1975, at the Helsinki Summit. It has served as the foundation for human rights standards and performance in Europe since that time. Since the fall of communism, the OSCE became a more operational organization, responsible for conflict prevention, crisis management, and democracy and human rights promotion in Europe and Eurasia. It has been especially innovative in developing early warning mechanisms and a strategy of preventive diplomacy. It currently fields 18 missions including in the Balkans, the Caucasus, and Central Asia. The Mission is also responsible for implementation and adaptation of the Treaty on Conventional Forces in Europe, the Open Skies Treaty, the Forum for Security Cooperation, and the Wassenaar Arrangement on Export Controls for Conventional Arms and Dual-Use Goods and Technologies. The U.S. Mission (USOSCE) to the OSCE is headed by a U.S. Permanent Representative (with ambassadorial rank) and includes officials from State, the Joint Chiefs of Staff and the Office of the Secretary of Defense. Administrative support to USOSCE is provided by the Joint Management Office. USOSCE is located at Obersteinergasse 11/1, 1190 Vienna.

Consular Agent Salzburg
Upon closing of the Consulate General in September 1993, a Consular Agency opened in Salzburg. The primary responsibility of the Consular Agent, is to provide emergency services to American citizens. In addition, the Consular Agent who reports to the Consul General in Vienna, executes applications for passports and reports of birth, notarizes documents, and disseminates voting and other information material to American citizens.

Housing

Temporary Quarters Last Updated: 11/21/2003 2:09 PM

Because of the need to redecorate government-owned quarters between tenants and the delay inherent in locating suitable rental properties, new arrivals must sometimes spend a short time in temporary quarters or hotels. A Welcome Kit with towels, bed linens, blankets, dishes, pots, pans, and tableware is furnished in both temporary and permanent quarters.

Permanent Housing Last Updated: 12/18/2003 7:57 AM

Housing in Vienna compares favorably with that at any European post. The U.S. Government owns a number of furnished houses and 65 staff apartments at 4 different locations. The Rathaus apartments are located in a large downtown apartment building adjacent to the City Hall (Rathaus) and three other apartment and townhouse compounds are located in suburban residential areas.

Personnel assigned to Vienna are housed in either U.S. Government-owned or leased quarters. Assignments are made by the Interagency Housing Board based on the employee’s rank, family size and in accordance with the guidelines set forth in Airgram 171.

Furnishings Last Updated: 12/18/2003 7:57 AM

Most Department of State employees occupy government-furnished quarters. Furnished quarters include basic furniture and appliances including stoves, refrigerators, and washer/dryers. Employees are informed by telegram whether they will occupy furnished or unfurnished quarters.

Utilities and Equipment Last Updated: 12/18/2003 7:53 AM

All government quarters have radiant heating, hot water, stoves, refrigerators, and washers/dryers (space and mechanical restrictions often dictate European washers and dryers). Communal laundry rooms have American-style automatic washers and dryers.

If you are considering bringing your own major household appliances, especially washers, dryers, or electric ranges, write to JMO/GSO to inquire whether such equipment can be operated on the Vienna system. Please specify year, model, make, and electrical current required. If possible, forward an instruction booklet for such appliances or a copy of the wiring diagram (usually affixed on the reverse side of the instruction booklet). The electricity supply is 220v–380v, 50 cycle, three-phase, four-wire, AC. Outlets have a maximum connecting load of 2,000 watts and are twowire, single phase. Appliances of more than 2,000 watts may be used only if certain technical requirements are met. Employees should contact the Embassy before shipping such items.

Appliances for 110v or 120v at a maximum charging rate of 20 amperes (about 2,000 watts) may be operated by using step-down transformers of 220v/ 110v connected to each outlet, provided that these transformers have two separate windings which will eliminate any danger of electric shock. Such transformers, required by the Austrian Electric Safety Code, are available locally, but are expensive. Transformers and 220v and dual-voltage appliances can be purchased at U.S. military facilities in Germany and Italy and sometimes from departing personnel. It is the policy of the Embassy to supply two transformers. Phonographs and pickup motors of 110v must be adjusted to operate at 50 cycles as well as operate off transformers. Electric clocks of 110v cannot be adjusted.

American lamps can be used by simply inserting 220v bulbs which are obtainable locally. However, there may be a danger of electrical shock due to grounding insulation characteristics of American lamps, and it is strongly recommended that the bulb socket be replaced with one that meets European standards. Plugs must be changed to contain the groundwire required by Austrian law.

Food Last Updated: 6/4/2004 8:35 AM

The Austrian markets provide adequate quality and quantities of virtually all foods. Prices at Austrian outlets are higher than what you find in most places in the U.S.

Local Austrian stores and markets are well-stocked and are widely patronized by the U.S. community. Fresh vegetables, fruits, chicken, pork, veal, and beef are in good supply. Meat prices are higher than those in Washington. Cuts of meat differ and meat is not aged.

A snackbar in the Chancery operated by a concessionaire serves breakfast and lunch at reasonable prices.

Clothing Last Updated: 6/4/2004 8:38 AM

Clothing worn in Vienna is much like that worn in the northeastern U.S. Most Austrians dress conservatively. No special requirements or taboos exist.

Men Last Updated: 11/21/2003 2:12 PM

Men may need white tie and tails for a few formal balls, banquets, and receptions, although dinner jackets suffice for most formal occasions. Formal attire may be rented locally, but for a price.

Readymade suits are more limited in size and style than in the U.S. Tailors are good and materials are plentiful, but again, very expensive. Men may not find the style and fit of Austrian shoes entirely to their taste.

Women Last Updated: 11/21/2003 2:13 PM

The more expensive women’s shops carry a wide variety of clothing of good style and quality. Generally, however, the selection of ready made clothing is more limited than in the U.S. and much more expensive. Fabrics of all types are available, and dressmakers are generally good, but both are expensive.

Women will find low-heeled shoes indispensable for Vienna’s many cobblestone streets. Good quality womens’ shoes are readily available here, but narrow widths and small sizes are hard to find and are expensive. It is best to buy shoes before leaving the U.S. Warm, thick-soled boots are a necessity.

Some women bring essential lingerie items to assure having their preferred brand, size, color and style. Imported or handmade items are expensive.

The need may arise for long evening dresses for representational purposes. Women may wish to bring ball gowns to wear at any of Vienna’s many balls held during the Fasching season (between January 1 and Mardi Gras). A number of cocktail dresses are needed for wear at informal dinners.

Children Last Updated: 11/21/2003 2:13 PM

Although expensive, local children’s clothing is attractive and of excellent quality. Rainboots bought here are worn without shoes. Many families buy children’s clothing at PX outlets.

Supplies and Services

Supplies Last Updated: 6/4/2004 8:39 AM

Cosmetics are available on the local market. Many women bring or order their favorite brands of cosmetics from the U.S. Those with access to the U.N. commissary (limited to diplomatic personnel assigned to UNVIE and USOSCE only) will find a high quality and fairly wide variety of toiletries and cosmetics. Most sundry supplies are sold on the local market, but are quite expensive, so bring an ironing board, and fahrenheit oven and meat thermometers.

Mothers may wish to bring a supply of baby bottles, nipples, and sterilizers. Baby furniture is sold locally but is expensive.

Basic Services Last Updated: 11/21/2003 2:34 PM

All basic community services, such as dressmaking, tailoring, shoe repair, drycleaning, laundries, beauty shops, etc., are available locally, but are expensive. Repair service for radios, phonographs, and electrical appliances is adequate but usually slow. Remember that most Austrians take a month’s vacation in summer, and many shops, laundries, dry-cleaners, etc., are closed during the time.

Domestic Help Last Updated: 12/18/2003 8:12 AM

Many employees have a part-time maid to help with housework. Most single personnel, as well as some of the families, share maids on a daily or hourly basis.

The rising Austrian living standard and low employment rate have led to a severe shortage of domestic help, and domestics are increasingly expensive. The basic monthly salary for a general, full-time, live-in servant is normally € 1200 (cook - € 1,850). The actual cost is considerably more since the cost of food, health, and social insurance, vacation, and Christmas bonus must also be considered. Specific wage information may be obtained from the Vienna Retail Price Schedule, DSP-33. The prevailing rate for cleaning is € 10 per hour plus carfare. Extra catering help is available for entertaining, but is expensive.

Employees should insist that their servants have medical exams and chest X-rays before hiring them.

Religious Activities Last Updated: 11/21/2003 2:47 PM

The Vienna Community Church is an English-speaking Protestant church in Vienna. Roman Catholic services in English are held at the Votiv Kirche and confessions are heard in English. An Anglican-Episcopal Church, Christ Church (affiliated with the British Embassy), a church of Christ Scientist, a Baptist Chapel, and a Methodist Church also have services in English. A list of these and other churches is available in CLO.

German language Catholic masses are conducted daily and German services are conducted in several Lutheran churches, the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints, the Reformed Church, several Methodist churches, several Baptist churches, and a Greek Orthodox church. A Quaker meeting is held weekly. Services at a Jewish synagogue are conducted in Hebrew.

Education

Dependent Education Last Updated: 12/19/2003 4:31 AM

The American International School (A.I.S.) offers a full curriculum from nursery school through grade 12. Over 50 nationalities are represented from among the school’s nearly 800 students. The director, the majority of the faculty, and about onethird of the student body are American.

While using the latest American teaching techniques, the school also takes advantage of local cultural resources. The result is an intellectually stimulating program which makes maximum use of the advantages afforded by the school’s international staff and student body.

The elementary grades program includes art, music, Austrian studies and culture, and physical education, as well as a traditional U.S. curriculum. A daily course in German is compulsory for grades 1–12 and four times a week in kindergarten.

The high school college-preparatory program is designed to meet the admission requirements of the best American colleges and universities. The regular U.S.-style curriculum is complemented by the International Baccalaureate Program, a course of studies leading to a diploma recognized by universities around the world. Academic standards are high. Children returning to the U.S. have been accepted at leading colleges and universities.

The physical plant of the school, built in 1964 with subsequent additions, is designed to provide an educational environment like that in the U.S. The buildings include a library, science labs, cafeteria, and gymnasium. Athletic fields and a large wooded area are part of the 17-acre complex.

If you have received firm notice of an assignment here and are planning to enroll your children, write directly to the school, giving the ages and grades of the children. The address is Salmannsdorfer Strasse 47, A-1190 Vienna, Austria. You can also email the Admissions Office at admissions@ais.at. The school website is http://www.ais.at/.

Applicants for the first grade must be 6 years old by September 1st in the year of their entry; for the kindergarten they must be 5 by the same date. The school presently has no boarding facilities. Special arrangements are made by the Defense Attaché’s Office for payment of tuition for children of military personnel attending AIS.

The Vienna International School (V.I.S.), located at Strasse der Menschenrechte 1, A-1220 Vienna, Austria, offers instruction in all grades, but follows a predominantly British curriculum, and has a more international faculty and student body than the A.I.S. Information can be obtained at their website: http/www.vis.ac.at/.

The Vienna Bilingual School (V.B.S.) incorporates German/English bilingual teaching from kindergarten to upper secondary school. V.B.S. is a state school program and no fee is required. Inquiries can be addressed to V.B.S. 10, Selma-Lagerloef-Gasse 20, 1100 Vienna, Austria.

Le Lycee Francais, is located at Liechtenstein 37a, A-1090 Vienna, Austria and has classes from kindergarten through high school.

A branch of the worldwide Sacred Heart Schools, operated by the Sacred Heart Catholic Order, has a German-language curriculum and is coordinated with other Sacred Heart schools.

The Danube International School (D.I.S.) is an independent, nondenominational coeducational day school with courses designed for students seeking an international education in Vienna. The school was founded in 1992 by parents of the Vienna business community. Students are drawn from the diplomatic, international and local business communities and consists of grades K–12 with an approximate enrollment of 280 students from over 30 different countries. At the elementary level, the International Schools Curriculum Project forms the basis of the curriculum, while the Middle School is strongly influenced by the International Baccalaureate Middle Years Programs. In the High School the curriculum enables students to be accepted by a range of colleges and universities throughout the world, including the U.S. Contact the registrar for further information: Gudrunstrasse 184, A-1100 Vienna, Austria, Tel: 043-1-603-02-46, Fax: 043-1-603-02-48.

The Vienna Christian School (V.C.S.) was founded in 1986 and is a private Christian school for grades 1–12. V.C.S. has ioined with the Network of International temational Network of Christian Schools whose goal is to provide excellent academic training in a non-denominational setting. V.C.S. serves children from abroad range of backgrounds, including business, diplomatic, United Nations, and missionary communities. V.C.S. follows a basic American curriculum taught by certified teachers (in English), which leads to a fully recognized High School diploma. The full program included middle and high school art, sports, music, and drama. In 1996–1997 school year enrollment was 130 representing 23 different countries. The V.C.S. consists of 2 buildings, 20 classrooms, and 1 library. The faculty at V.C.S. is made up of U.S., U.K., Canada, and Austrian backgrounds. The V.C.S. is located in Vienna’s 19th District in the north part of the city; Kreilplatz 1/2, A-1190 Vienna. The phone number when calling from the U. S. is: 01143-1-318-82-11.

There are many private and state-run nursery schools for ages 3–6. An American Community Preschool for dependents of American Government employees or Foreign Service Nationals is located on the Upper Housing Compound for children from 2–4. Parents are encouraged to contact the CLO prior to arrival if interested in reserving a space for their child.

Higher Education Opportunities Last Updated: 12/19/2003 5:14 AM

University of Maryland

The European Division conducts five eight-week academic terms a year. There is a two-week registration period before each term. Most courses meet in the evening on a Monday/Wednesday or Tuesday/Thursday schedule.

Distance Education Courses are also available. You can learn more about the University of Maryland's Distance Learning Program on the Internet.

Undergraduate programs: www.ed.umuc.edu/de; Graduate programs: www.ed.umuc.edu/grad/de.

Webster University

Webster University is a fully accredited American University that offers BA, BS, MA and MBA programs. In addition to the home campus in St. Louis, Missouri, Webster University has campuses with study opportunities in Europe and Asia. Instruction is in English. International relations, management, computer science, and psychology are their strengths, but they have a comprehensive program, with daytime and evening classes.

Email: info@webster.ac.at; Website: www.webster.ac.at.

Recreation and Social Life

Sports Last Updated: 12/18/2003 8:19 AM

Tourism is extremely important in Austria and the quality and number of the country's sports facilities are undoubtedly among the principal reasons.

The ski slopes at Kitzbuehel and on the Arlberg (Lech, Zuers), only 5–6 hours from Vienna, are among the best in the world. Good skiing can also be found less than 2 hours from Vienna at Semmering. Excellent ski equipment can be purchased or rented in Vienna or at the ski resorts, although at a higher cost than in the U.S. Many employees belong to informal ski clubs which organize inexpensive weekend ski trips.

Hunting in Austria is varied and excellent. It is, however, quite expensive. The overall season for all game is long. Game is abundant, e.g., roebuck, stag, snipe, pheasant, etc.

Both a hunting license, “Jagdkarte,” and hunting permission card, “Jagderlaubnis,” are necessary before taking part in a hunt. Hunting premiums are charged in accordance with the type of game taken. These charges vary, but are generally very high by U.S. standards. Hunting is by invitation only and always done on game preserves. Contacts can be arranged to secure invitations through local tourist agencies. Special invitations to the diplomatic corps in Vienna are rare.

To secure a hunting license the applicant must present proof of his hunting ability, usually a valid certificate from a hunting organization in another country. Lacking a valid license, a hunting proficiency examination is administered by local authorities. Two sporting guns (unloaded) can be imported. Ammunition is available locally. Interested persons should bring boots, field glasses, etc.

Fishing in Austria is also excellent. One can obtain permits to fish by invitation or by joining the Austrian Fishing Association “Oesterreichische Fisherei Gesellschaft,” which assigns specific sections of a stream. To save money, bring your own fishing equipment; however, all types of equipment including spinners and flies may be purchased locally.

Vienna has several riding stables and many tennis and squash courts. A number of health clubs exist throughout the city. Ice skating is available all year round at the Stadthalle and from October through March at three other locations around Vienna. Three 18-hole golf courses are within 20 miles of Vienna; one is located at Prater Park.

Memberships at any of these golf courses can be arranged through the UNIDO Golf Club at reduced prices. By joining the Austrian GolfAssociation, one may also gain entrance to play on some of the finest courses in Europe. Sailboating and swimming on the Old Danube (now a beautiful lake) or at one of the many indoor or outdoor pools, biking, and hiking in the Vienna Woods are other favorite pastimes. Jogging is very popular in Vienna, particularly along the Danube and the Vienna Woods.

Touring and Outdoor Activities Last Updated: 12/18/2003 8:19 AM

The beauty of its rustic landscape, the network of good highways, and the comfortable accommodations of its “Gasthaeuser” (inns) make Austria a paradise for those who love the outdoors.

The “Wachau,” an area between Melk and Krems along the Danube, is famous for its vineyards, fruit trees, castles, and churches. The monastery at Melk contains one of the world’s finest old libraries and a wealth of paintings, tapestries, and art objects.

The Province of Burgenland (an hour’s drive southeast from Vienna) is an area of gently rolling hills dotted with vineyards, spas, and castles. Lake Neusiedl, a favorite Viennese resort area on the Austro-Hungarian border, has gained worldwide fame as a bird sanctuary; it also provides good sailing.

The central part of Austria, the “Salzkammergut,” a beautiful recreation area with high mountains, lakes, hunting, fishing, ski resorts, old castles, and churches, is about 3 hours from Vienna.

Eastern European points accessible by car include Budapest (3 hours), Prague (5 hours), and Bratislava (1 hour). Visas are no longer required for visits to these cities by U.S. passport holders.

Personnel generally travel to vacation areas by private car, but the daily trains and buses throughout the country are excellent and inexpensive. The Salzburg-Vienna autobahn affords rapid, easy access to Munich and the rest of southern Germany.

Entertainment Last Updated: 12/18/2003 8:21 AM

Vienna is the musical capital of Europe. The Vienna State Opera, the Vienna Philharmonic, the Vienna Symphony, and the Volksoper are outstanding. The talents of world-famous conductors and virtuosos are on display throughout the year, although the opera houses close for July and August of each year. Tickets prices are reasonable, but better seats are expensive. The Vienna Festival, held annually from mid-May to mid-June, is one of the high points of Viennese cultural life.

The Vienna theater also enjoys a worldwide reputation. Paced by the famed Burgtheater, the many theaters present the classical works of Goethe and Schiller (in German) as well as the most recent Broadway hits.

There are 3 theaters in Vienna presenting stage plays in English, the Fundus, the International Theater, and the English Theater. In addition, there are 5 movie theaters which offer original language movies (primarily in English).

The Community Liaison Office (CLO) does not provide ticket agent services for these type of events. Tickets are available through the State Ticket Bureau 7 days in advance of performance or through ticket agents who charge a 22% handling fee.

Except for July and August and a short period during the winter, Sunday morning dawns with a special treat for the Viennese: the famous “Lipizzaner” white horses of the Spanish Riding School perform in the Riding Hall of the Hofburg, and the Vienna Boys' Choir sings in the Hofburg Chapel.

During the summer, “Lipizzaner” performances are also shown on Wednesday afternoons. Tickets must be ordered by mail 6–8 weeks in advance or purchased through a Viennese ticket agent.

Vienna has many good restaurants with varying prices. Restaurants in the hills overlooking the city are popular, especially in summer. The wine drinking cellars and gardens in Grinzing and Neustift are famous for their “Heurigen” (new wine) and folksong atmosphere. (The typically Viennese word, “Heurige,” refers not only to the new wine itself, but also to the establishments in which it is served and to special occasions celebrated in those establishments.)

Social Activities

Among Americans Last Updated: 12/18/2003 8:22 AM
The American community in Vienna is not a tightly knit social group. This is understandable when one considers that a metropolis like Vienna offers much in the way of recreation, entertainment, and varied social contacts. Social recreation generally takes the form of cocktail parties, buffet suppers, dinners, receptions, and “Heurigen.” Social activity depends largely on individual inclination. The Community Liaison Office and the AEA Recreation Committee organize a number of tours, trips, and social activities throughout the year.

The American Women’s Association (AWA) open to all American women in Vienna, meets from September to June. They publish Living in Vienna, which many find to be a useful guide for daily survival in the city.

The American International School has a limited extracurricular program for students, including athletic teams. The Embassy sponsors Boy Scout Troop 427 and Cub Scout Pack 427, both of which are official members of Transatlantic Council of Boy Scouts of America. The American International Baseball Club, Little League, is open to 6–15 year olds and has an active participation by U.S. personnel and their families.

An English-speaking, mixed bowling league competes once a week for about 9 months of the year.

International Contacts Last Updated: 11/25/2003 1:44 PM
Vienna’s status as capital of an internationally recognized neutral country often helps lower the traditional barriers to social contacts between certain elements of the diplomatic corps.

Official Functions

Nature of Functions Last Updated: 12/18/2003 8:23 AM

Many official functions take the form of informal cocktail parties and buffets and are like those at other European posts. Senior officers may expect a fairly heavy schedule, including formal social functions, but representational obligations for other officers are comparatively few.

Since the overall U.S. Government presence is large, some officers are not included on the diplomatic list. Job requirements rather than rank or title determine which officers are included. The State Department grants Diplomatic Titles for all eligible personnel.

Standards of Social Conduct Last Updated: 12/18/2003 8:25 AM

Few functions are a must and they involve only the highest ranking officers. New arrivals make courtesy calls within the official U.S. Government community. Officers should consult with their section chief and with the Protocol Officer about calls on Austrian officials. Section chiefs should send cards to their counterparts in the diplomatic corps from countries at which they have previously served. (Calls can, of course, be made if desired.)

Business cards may be ordered on-line from the Office of Multi Media Services, the Department's electronic and print publisher. The price is $30 for 250 card plus $2.50 for shipping and handling. Cards can be bought in Vienna, but are more expensive and take about 3 weeks to receive.

Special Information Last Updated: 12/18/2003 9:02 AM

Austrian Identification Cards

Bring at least five 2”x 2” photographs each for yourself and your family members. The photos are needed for Austrian identity cards.

Post Orientation Program

One day orientation programs are held periodically. FSI-sponsored German-language classes are scheduled for eligible American personnel. Adult family members are welcome to attend language classes, provided sufficient funding is available.

Notes For Travelers

Getting to the Post Last Updated: 12/18/2003 8:28 AM

Travelers departing from or passing through Washington may obtain up-to-date information on available contract fare flights and authorized routings from the travel office at the Department of State.

Some linens should be included in airfreight shipments since only one of each item per person is included in the “Welcome Kit” travelers will receive upon arrival. Irons for 220v current can be purchased in Vienna at reasonable prices, as can other small appliances. Include clothing suitable for “welcoming” parties.

Airfreight takes about 2 weeks from Washington; surface freight about 8 weeks.

If driving a car from any other part of Europe or the Middle East, a traveler should get a copy of the International Road signs and learn them; the signs are standard throughout Western Europe. Autobahn stickers must be purchased to drive on Autobahns.

Roads in Austria are generally good to excellent. But one should not drive over Alpine passes in midwinter unless the car is equipped with snow tires and chains and is in excellent condition; even then the roads are hazardous.

All accredited American personnel are exempted from the requirement to obtain Austrian drivers licenses. The Diplomatic ID Card, issued by the Austrian Ministry for Foreign Affairs, together with the individual’s foreign drivers license is all that is required as long as the foreign drivers license and the diplomatic ID card are still valid.

Vehicles must be covered by liability insurance valid in Austria as evidenced by an international (green) insurance card.

Customs, Duties, and Passage

Customs and Duties Last Updated: 12/18/2003 8:30 AM

All U.S. personnel, military and civilian, assigned to duty in Austria have the normal diplomatic privileges of duty-free entry for their personal belongings, household effects, cars, and other goods for personal use and consumption.

Nondiplomatic persons must import used household effects within one year of their arrival at post, but diplomatic personnel keep their duty-free privileges throughout their tours.

The EU has no currency restrictions on the import of reasonable amounts of foreign currency.

Household effects and unaccompanied baggage are normally cleared through customs within 1–3 days after arrival. All items sent to personnel assigned to Vienna should bear the full name of the recipient, c/o American Embassy, Vienna, Austria.

Passage Last Updated: 12/18/2003 8:31 AM

All U.S. Government employees and family members assigned to Vienna may enter and leave Austria with a valid U.S. passport. No entry visas nor medical certificates are necessary. If you drive to Austria, the vehicle must be covered by international “green card” liability insurance. If the car is not already insured, temporary insurance must be bought at the border. U.S. or international license plates may be used for up to 2 months or until Austrian plates are issued.

Any bearer of a U.S. service, official, diplomatic passport may enter Austria without a visa. If their stay in Austria exceeds 90 days, members of diplomatic missions and their dependents must obtain identification cards issued by the Federal Ministry for Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Austria. The identification card serves in lieu of an Austrian visa. Upon arrival at post, all personnel are required to submit to the JMO Human Resources Office four passport-sized pictures for each identification card, together with their passports.

Pets Last Updated: 12/18/2003 8:33 AM

The Austrian Veterinary Service has strict rules about the entry of pets shipped by air to Vienna. The following requirements apply: rabies shots must be current; a valid veterinarian’s certificate must be furnished with a statement that there has been no rabies among domestic or wild animals in the original municipality of the animals concerned or in the neighboring municipalities within the last 14 days before shipment; and permission must be obtained by the carrier from the Austrian Government (Ministry for Health and Environmental Protection). Check these details before departure for post with the JMO General Services Office for possible changes.

Kennels are locally available; an updated list of kennels can be obtained from JMO/GSO upon request. A health certificate issued by a veterinarian, is recommended but not required.

No quarantine restrictions for household pets exist in Austria as long as the pets have the above documentation.

Firearms and Ammunition Last Updated: 12/18/2003 8:59 AM

Handguns (including semi-automatic pistols and revolvers) of any size; shotguns (known predominantly as "pump guns" in Austria); or any other weapon designed to fire shot pellet rounds or rifled slug of any gauge; and fully automatic or semi-automatic rifles of any kind are prohibited from importation to Austria due to stringent licensing policies. Personnel owning firearms of this type should make the necessary storage arrangements for their weapons in the United States prior to their move to Austria.

Employees wishing to import to post a single-shot bolt-action hunting rifle, the minimum over-all length of which must be no less than 90cm AND with a barrel that is not less than 45cm, must contact the Regional Security Office a minimum of 90 days prior to arrival. The following information will need to be provided:

Overall weapon length; barrel length; make and model; serial number; date of purchase; copy of valid State OR Weapons Dealer registration; personal biographic data (D/POB, SSN, address).

The RSO/IU will then attempt to obtain advance GOA approval for the employee to ship a weapon with his/her HHE. In the event that acquiring advance approval on behalf of the transferring employee fails, the employee should ensure he or she has a back-up arrangement for the storage of the weapon.

For further information on acquiring weapons permits and hunting licenses (both of which are time consuming and expensive), contact the Regional Security Office in Vienna.

Personnel leaving Vienna and returning to the United States, and desiring to import weapons into the U.S., should consult the Department of Homeland Security Customs Office in the Embassy concerning proper documentation and procedures.

Currency, Banking, and Weights and Measures Last Updated: 12/5/2003 5:13 AM

The Austrian monetary unit is the Euro (€) which is divided into100 cents. The switch from the former Austrian Schilling to the € occurred January 1, 2002. The exchange rate approximates to € 0.90 to US$1.00. Coins in circulation are 2 and 1 €, and 0.50, 0.20, 0.10, 0.02 and 0.01 cents. Bank notes are issued in denominations of 500, 200, 100, 50, 20, 10 and 5.

Austria uses the metric system.

U.S. Government personnel and authorized family members can cash their personal checks for U.S. dollars and Euros at the Bank-Austria - Creditanstalt (BA-CA)office located in the south annex of the Chancery. The JMO recommends that all personnel maintain a U.S. checking account. A Euro checking account can be a convenience, but Automatic Teller Machines (ATMs) which accept U.S. credit and bank cards can be found throughout Austria. Most local bills may be paid by transfers of funds through the Austrian banking and postal systems.

Taxes, Exchange, and Sale of Property Last Updated: 12/5/2003 5:15 AM

Austrian vehicle license plates (about $16 including registration formalities) can be obtained after customs clearance (no cost) and safety inspection. Payment of Austrian radio, TV, and motor vehicle tax is not required of official U.S. Government personnel and their dependents. Exemption is also granted from most other direct taxes and fees.

There is, however, no exemption from payment of the value-added tax (VAT) which is included in the price of most goods and services in Austria. All accredited personnel on the diplomatic list can, through the JMO/FMC, obtain refunds for taxes paid on individual purchases costing more than €73 (approximately $80 including tax), up to a total refund of €2,900 (approximately $3,160) annually per diplomat. There is no limit on the VAT refund for car purchases.

Recommended Reading Last Updated: 12/18/2003 9:00 AM

Information about U.S. Embassy can be obtained by visiting its web site at http://www.usembassy-vienna.at/; UNVIE Mission at http://www.usun-vienna.usia.co.at; and USOSCE Mission at http://www.osce-usia.co.at/

These titles are presented as a general indication of the material published on this country. The Department of State does not endorse unofficial publications.

Barea, Ilsa. Vienna, Legend and Reality. The Camelot Press Ltd.: London, 1967

Crankshaw, Edward. The Fall of the House of Habsburg. (Cardinal Books) Sphere: London 1974.

Janik, Allan and Stephen Toulmin. Wittgenstein’s Vienna. Touchstone Clarion: Paperback. Simon & Schuster, 1974.

Jelavich, Barbara. Modern Austria: Empire and Republic, 1815–1986. Cambridge University Press: New York, 1987.

Johnson, Lonnie. Introducing Austria. Osterreischer Btuidesverlag: Vienna, 1987.

Jones, J. Sidney, Vienna Inside-Out. Jugend and Volk Verlag, Vienna: 1979 (Paperback).

Johnston, William M. The Austrian Mind: An Intellectual and Social History. University of California Press: Berkeley, 1972.

Kann, Robert A. The Hapsburg Empire: A Study in Integration and Disintegration. Octagon Books: New York, 1973.

Schorske, Carl. Fin-de-siecle Vienna: Politics and Culture, Knopf. New York, 1980.

It is recommended that travel books be purchased in the U.S. as English-language books are not always available and are very expensive in Vienna. CLO maintains a limited library of travel books and a large selection of paperbacks.

Local Holidays Last Updated: 11/25/2003 2:01 PM

New Year’s Day January 1
Epiphany January 6
Easter Monday Varies
National Day (Labor Day) May 1
Ascension Day*
Whitmonday*
Corpus Christi Day Varies
Assumption Day August 15
National Day (Flag Day) October 26
All Saints Day November 1
Immaculate Conception December 8
Christmas December 25
St. Stephen’s Day December 26

Travelers should arranged their travel so as not to arrive on Austrian or American holidays.

*40 days after Easter
**Monday after Pentecost